| 1.含并列连词and but or的平行结构 解题要点当上述并列连词连接两项或多项对等成分时，这些成分必须同词性、同形式。特别注意出现三项以上(含三项)的并列成分，多是考试焦点。 全真例题分析 (1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5) [答案] A并列连词or连接三项，其中两项为形容词translucent与opaque，故(A)应用形容词transparent与之并列。 (2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choralsgroupsin the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1) [答案] A并列连词and连接四项表示身份职业的名词，故(A)动名词应改为actress。 (3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10) [答案] C并列连词or连接四项名词结构，其中cell和organ皆为单数形式，故(C)亦应改为单数tissue。 (4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1) [答案] C并列连词and连接三项动宾结构，前两项均为动词原形，故(C)动名词亦应改为原形动词pave. (5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10) [答案] D并列连词or连接三项成分。前两项均为名词，故(D)不应出现句子结构，而应改为名词tricks与前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。 (6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking. [答案] D并列连词and连接三个单词。其中两项均为动名词，故(D)亦应改为动名词swallowing。 2.比较级句型要求对比双方结构对等，比较范围相当。 全真列题分析 (1) Probably no man had more effcet on the daily lives of most people in the United States ------- Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production. (A) as was (B) than was (C) than did (D) as did (92.8) [答案] C比较句型more…than要求比较的双方结构相等。前项是实义动词的过去时形式had，故选(C)than did与之平行。 (2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than ------- (A) there are most other states (B) most other states which have (C) most other states have (D)shavingsmost other states (93.10) [答案] C这是标准的more…than比较句型。只有(C)的句子结构与相对比的前一项完全一致。 (3) The annual worth of Utah*s manufacturing is greater than------- (A) that of its mining and farming combined (B) mining and farming combination (C) that mining and farming combined (D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8) [答案] A此句比较的是utah的年产值(the annual worth) (A)中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比较的范围，内容一致。 (4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than------- (A) the domestic marketer has (B) the domestic marketer does (C) those of the domestic marketer (D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5) [答案] C此句比较的是国际市场研究者与国内市场研究者的活动(the activities)为避免同词重复，用(C)those来代替前面的名词the activities ,因而对比双方比较的范围是平行相等的。 (5) Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is much sweeter ------- (A) than cane sugar does (B) does cane sugar (C) cane sugar (D) than cane sugar (90.5) [答案] D此比较句型前半部分主系表结构，后半部不可出现助动词does(答案A及B)，但可省略系词，如(D)。 3.比较句型the +比较级…the＋比较级要求前后结构相等。 全真例题分析 (1) The flatter a hair appears under a microscope ------- wavier it is. (A) although (B) which (C) and (D) the (92.1) [答案] D The flatter a hair appears与(D)the wavier it is是完全对等的结构。 比较级主语谓语动词比较级主语系动词 (2) The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ------- to the body. (A) the stress it is greater (B) greater is the stress (C) greater stress is (D) the greater the stress (90.1) [答案] D The less the surface与答案(D) the greater the stress是完全对等的结构。 4.语意上的平行结构 解题要点有一些词和短语表达比较的概念，尽管不是比较级句型，但同样要求前后对比双方同形式，同性质。 全真例题分析 (1) Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather of the deaf ------- of the telephone. (A) than inventing (B) than as the inventor (C) the invention (D) as the inventor (90.8) [答案] B表示比较概念的短语would rather…than应使用平行结构。 (2) Thomas Jefferson*s achievements as an architect rival his contributions ------- a politician. (A) such (B) more (C) as (D) than (90.1) [答案] C动词rival (比得上)要求比较二项结构相等。 (3) California*s agricultural supremacy dates from 1947. When its farm output first ------- any other state. (A) that exceeded (B) exceeded that (C) exceeded that of (D) that exceeded of (92.10) [答案] C动词exceeded (超过)要求比较的内容相当。(C)代词that用以指代比较的内容“farm output” (4) It is common lcnowledge that a flash of lightning is seen before a clap of thunder heard . (93.5) [答案] D连词be fore用以引出先后发生的两个动作。从句意上看。这两个动作是对比关系，故应用平行结构。(D)改为a clap of thunder is heard ,与a flash of lightning is seen相平衡。 |
