| 复习中遇到的较难或易混淆的反义词 abiding <>evanescent; balky<>tractable; balk<>move ahead willingly acquiesce <> resist ; acquiesce <> defy 默许 aggrandize <> relegate 降级 ; preposterous <>commonsensical aligned 调整<> improperly adjusted aligned <> irregular / {curved }/ askew watershed 分水岭 <> ambiguity synergic 合作的<> antagonistic anterior <> ensuing ***turpitude卑鄙<>probity hone <> blunt磨刀 ***balm香膏,安慰物<>irritant刺激物 asperity<>mildness aspersion<>glowing tribute awry (off the correct or expected course : AMISS)<> planed; ***bedeck装饰<>strip ; blazon装饰,夸示,纹章:efface; beleaguer围攻:delight; boycott抵制:patronize惠顾,赞助 bristle发怒:cower; bungle(mishandle,botch)<>bring off(rescue,accomplish) burgeon<>waste away;//subside//wither gratuitous <--> merited 应得的 ***ancillary 补助的,副的<>paramount abrogate废除<>uphold,institue evince表明<>conceal (ref: convince) vincible 易征服的,易克服的 epic <>modest (not romantic); supercilious 自大的,傲慢的<>obsequious galvanize<>lull; goad<>lull; lull<>increased; startle<>lull(not appease, reconcile) pedestrian<>imaginative; pedestrian<>uncommon徒步的,呆板的,通俗的 pejorative<>laudatory变坏的,轻蔑的; rein缰绳,控制 <> prod vigilant <> oblivious (not ignorant 无知的,note: neglectful忽视的) ponderous <>lively冗长的,沉闷的; rescission(rescind)<>enactment制定 fastidious<>coarse(not willing); fastidious<>easygoing blandishment奉承<>threat(not parody); provident<>profligate provident:1 : making provision for the future : PRUDENT 2 : FRUGAL, SAVING cosset宠爱<>slight; definitive 确定的,权威的<>provisional dispassionate<>responsive; refractory<>responsive garble断章取义,混淆 <>elucidate(not establish conclusively) pathological病理的,病态的<>normal; syncopated切分,词中省略<>normal accented husky 谷的,沙哑的,健壮的,结实的<>delicate脆弱的 odyssey:长期的冒险旅行<>errand跑腿 sanative治疗病症的,有易于健康的 deprivation剥夺,贫困<>fecundity丰饶 (not surfeit<>famine) ???? sere干枯的<>lush青葱的(not immersed); cosset宠爱<>slight粗暴对待,轻视(not dislike) dissonance不一致,不谐和音<>concord和音 (not consent) deactivate 使无效,使不活动<>potentiate 加强 withhold使停止,拒绝,保留,抑制<>grant(not accept) withstand抵挡,经受住 immemorial古老的,无法追忆的 bait欺负,折磨<>disarm缓和,消除敌意 reconstitute<>dehydrate: to constitute again or anew; especially : to restore to a former condition by adding water frequent:shun(not avoid); relevant相关的,中肯的relating to or bearing upon the matter in hand因相关而合适的 :immaterial非实质性的(强调相关性)而inopportune不合适的 factorable可分解因子的<>irreducible不可约分的,不可削减的,不能复归的 rift<>reconciliation ; lithe<>awkward; characterized by easy flexibility and grace <a lithe dancer> 易混淆的词汇 1. exceptional: unusually good 杰出的 unexceptional: 非例外的,普通的 exceptionable: likely to cause objection; objectionable 会引起反对的;可非议的 unexceptionable: not exceptionable; without flaw or fault 无懈可击的,无可指责的, 完美无缺的 *** 2. preceptive: giving precepts; instructive; didactic 规戒的,训诫的,教诲的 perceptive: insightful; aware; wise 有洞察力的;明智的;聪明的 3. regime n. method or system of government regimen n. prescribed diet and habits 4. egoism : excessive interest in one’s self; belief that one should be interested in one’s self rather than in others. egotism: conceit; vanity. 5. paramount: 极为重要的 paramour : 情夫,情妇 6. tacit: understood; not put into words 心照不宣的;不明言的;默示的,默许的 taciturn: habitually silent; talking little 沉默寡言的 7. retrench: to cut down; economize 削减;节省 entrench: to establish in a strong position 使处于牢固地位;确立 8. protend: (使)伸出;(使)延伸 portend: foretell; presage 预示 9. reprobation: severe disapproval n. 斥责 approbation: approval n. 官方批准,认可,嘉许 10. obscure: dark; vague; unclear obscene: 淫秽的,猥亵的 8.4 11. turbid: muddy; having the sediment disturbed *** tumid : swollen; pompous; bombastic turgid: swollen; distended 12. venal : capable of being bribed *** vernal: 春天的,春天发生的,和煦的,青春的 venial: forgivable; trivial 13. abdominal : 腹部的 ventral abominable: 讨厌的,令人憎恶的 14. abjure: vt. renounce upon oath 发誓放弃,避免,公开放弃 adjure: vt. 起誓, 恳请, (以起誓或诅咒等形式)命令 15. allay: transitive senses 1: to subdue or reduce in intensity or severity : ALLEVIATE *expect a breeze to allay the heat* 2: to make quiet : CALM intransitive senses, obsolete: to diminish in strength : SUBSIDE synonyms see RELIEVE galvanize <> allay ally: transitive senses 1: to unite or form a connection between : ASSOCIATE *allied himself with a wealthy family by marriage* 2: to connect or form a relation between (as by likeness or compatibility) : RELATE intransitive senses: to form or enter into an alliance noun: 1: a sovereign or state associated with another by treaty or league 2: a plant or animal linked to another by genetic or taxonomic proximity 3: one that is associated with another as a helper : AUXILIARY 16. gouge: 有欺骗,挖出的含义 gauge: 17. abrogate: 放弃,废除,取消 *** derogate: 贬损,毁损 18. aggravate:vt. 加重,恶化 *** to make worse, more serious, or more severe : intensify unpleasantly aggregate:v. 集合,合计,集合体 to collect or gather into a mass or whole 19. analgesic: a.止痛的,不痛的 n.[医] 止痛剂 **** anesthetic: a.麻醉的 n.麻醉剂,麻药 20. artifacts: n. 史前古器物 something created by humans usually for a practical purpose; especially: an object remaining from a particular period artifice: n. 巧办法,诡计 false or insincere behavior 8.7 21. bequest: n. 遗赠物,遗产,遗赠 something bequeathed : LEGACY ,devise, inheritance sequester:v.(使)隐退,隐居 22. pastiche: n. (音乐等)混合作品 *** postiche: adj. 伪造的,假的 23. suspicious: adj. 可疑的,疑惧的,怀疑的 susceptible: adj.易受影响的,多情的 *** 24. convoke: v. 召集会议 to call together to a meeting convoke <> adjourn evoke: v. 引起,唤起 provoke: v. 激怒,挑逗 revoke: v. 废除, 取消 25. decompose: v.(使)腐烂 discompose: v. 使失态,慌张 *** 26. delegate: n. 代表 relegate: v. 降级,贬谪 27. appropriate: v. 拨款,盗用 expropriate: v. 充公,没收 28. repatriate: v.(自异国)遣返 expatriate: v. 驱逐出国,脱离国籍 29. peculate: v. 挪用(公款) *** speculate: v. 沉思,思索,投机 30. simulate: v. 假装,模仿 *** dissimulate: v. 隐藏、掩饰 31. postulate : v. 假定,要求 expostulate: v. (对人或行为的)抗议,告诫 *** 32. regressive: adj. 退步的,退化的 repressive: adj. 镇压的,残酷的 33. smug: adj. 自满的,自命不凡的 snug: adj. 温暖的,舒适的 34. peach: v. 揭发,检举 *** impeach: v. 指摘,弹劾 35. debauch: v. 使放荡,堕落 debouch: v. 流出,进入(开阔地区) 36. garish: adj. 俗丽的,过于艳丽的 garnish: v. 装饰(于食品上) tarnish: n./v. 失去光泽,晦暗 varnish: n. 清漆,v. 涂上清漆 burnish: v. 擦亮,磨光 37. anguish: n. 极大痛苦 languish: v. 衰弱,变得消瘦*** sluggish: adj.行动迟缓的,懒惰的 lassitude: n. 疲乏 38. rucksack: n. (旅行等的)背包 ransack: v. 彻底搜索,洗劫 haversack: n. 肩背包,干粮袋 *** 39. epideictic: adj. 夸耀的 *** epicedium: n. 哀悼歌 40. hardheaded: adj. 冷静的,脚踏实地的,无懈可击的,顽固的 hardhearted: adj. 无情的,冷酷的,心肠硬的 8.8 41. repeal: v. 废除(法律),否定,撤销 appeal: v. 恳求,吸引,上诉 42. impel: v. 推进,驱使 *** compel: v. 强迫,引起 43. impudent: adj. 放肆无礼的,厚颜无耻的 marked by contemptuous or cocky boldness or disregard of others : INSOLENT impudent <>deferential/respectful/obeisant 放肆无礼的<>恭敬的,有礼貌的 imprudent: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的not prudent : lacking discretion judicious<>imprudent 判断正确的 <> 轻率的 44. bawl: v. 大叫,大喊 brawl: n./v. 争吵,打架 45. declaim: v. 高谈阔论,雄辩,大声说 *** disclaim: v. 放弃,弃权,拒绝 reclaim: vt. 要求归还,收回,开垦 46. bacon: n. 熏猪肉,培根肉 beacon: n. 信号灯,闪光灯 47. jabber: to talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly GIBBER, babble, chatter, gabble cf: rabble(乌合之众),pebble(鹅卵石),gobble(狼吞虎咽),dabbler(业余者),scribble(涂鸦), rubber(橡胶),quibble(小反对),babble(胡言乱语),squabble(争论),nibble(小口咬) 48. compellation: n. 姓名,头衔 appellation: n. 名称,称呼 49. alteration: n. 改变,变更 *** altercation: n. 争吵,争论 50. echelon: n. 等级,阶层 *** chevron: n. 军警袖章,V形图案 51. scarp: n. 悬崖,陡坡 scrap: n. 小片、碎屑 v. 废弃 52. founder: v. (船)沉没,(计划)失败 *** flounder: v. 挣扎,艰苦地移动 n. 比目鱼 53. tamper: v. 窜改,玩弄 temper: v. 锻炼,缓和 n. 脾气 taper: v. 逐渐变细,逐渐减少 n. 锥形,锥度,小蜡烛,烛心 54. ulterior: adj. 较晚的,较远的 anterior: adj. 较早的,以前的 55. torpor: n. 有气无力,死气沉沉 stupor: n. 昏迷,不醒人事 56. blur: n. 模糊不清的事物v. 使…模糊 *** slur: v. 含糊不清地讲 57. detour: n. 弯路,绕行之路 devour: v. 吞食,(一口气)读完 58. alias: n. 化名,别名 atlas: n. 地图集 59. paralysis: n. 瘫痪,中风 *** catalysis: n. 催化作用 gratis: adj. 免费的 laryngitis: n. 喉炎 bronchitis: n. 支气管炎 encephalitis: n. 脑炎 nephritis: n. 肾炎 arthritis: n. 关节炎 gastritis: n. 胃炎 hepatitis: n. 肝炎 60. forceps: n. (医用)钳子,镊子 8.25 pincers: n. 钳子,镊子 pliers: n. 钳子 nippers: n. 钳子,镊子 61. feckless: adj. 无目标无计划的 reckless: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的 62. ponderable: adj. 有价值的,有重量的 significant enough to be worth considering : APPRECIABLE ponderable <> inappreciable 有价值的 <> 微不足道的 ponderous: adj. 笨重的,笨拙的 of very great weight 63. veracious: adj. 诚实的,说真话的 voracious: adj. 狼吞虎咽的,贪婪的 64. insidious: adj. 祸害隐伏的,阴险的 invidious: adj. 惹人反感的,招人嫉妒的 65. factitious: adj. 人为的,不真实的 factious: adj. 好搞派系的,好捣乱的 fictitious: adj. 假的、虚构的 fractious: adj. 易怒的,倔强的,脾气不好的 66. precocious: adj. 早熟的 precarious: adj. 危险的,不稳定的 67. postulate: v.要求, 假定 postulant: n. 志愿者 postural: adj. 姿势的, 位置的 pustulate: v.生脓疱 adj.生脓疱的 68. postulate: v.要求, 假定 portable: adj.便携式的 69. provincial: adj. 省的,地方的,偏狭的 provisional: adj.暂时的 providential: adj. 幸运的 70. prude: n. 装成规矩的女人,过分正经的女人 prudent: adj. 审慎的,三思而后行的,精明的,节俭的 prudery: n. 装规矩的行为 prudish: adj. 装淑女样子的,装规矩的,过分规矩的 71. puckish: adj. 爱恶作剧的精灵似的; 爱恶作剧的,淘气的,顽皮的 punkish: adj. 极差的,无用的,低劣的 72. conspectus: n. 概要,大纲 prospectus: n. 章程,内容简介 73. edict: n. 法令、命令 indict: v. 控诉,起诉,告发 interdict: v. 禁止,切断(补给线) verdict: n. 判决,决定 evict: v. (依法)驱逐 74. versant: adj. 专心从事的 n. 斜坡 conversant: adj. 精通的,熟知的 75. pageant: n. 壮观的游行,露天剧 plangent: adj. 如泣如诉的,悲哀的 76. truculent: adj. 残暴的,凶狠的 trenchant: adj. 一针见血的,精辟的 77. deportment: n. (尤指少女的)风度,举止 comportment: n. 举止 78. immanent: adj. 普遍存在的,内在的 imminent: adj. 即将发生的,逼近的 79. inert: adj. 惰性的,行动迟钝的 pert: adj. 活泼的,敏捷的 80. spout: v. 喷出,滔滔不绝地讲 sprout: v. 长出,萌芽,嫩芽 81. farrow: v. (母猪)生产 n. 一窝小猪 furrow: n. 犁沟,皱纹 82. vertex: n. (三角形等)顶角,顶点 cortex: n. 外皮 vortex: n. 漩涡,漩风 83. parody: n. 嘲弄文章,拙劣的模仿 prosody: n. 诗体学,韵律学 rhapsody: n. 溢美之词,狂想曲 84. gaudy: adj. 俗丽的 bawdy: adj. 淫猥的、下流的 dowdy: adj. 不整洁的,过旧的 rowdy: adj. 吵闹的,粗暴的 85. putrefy: v. 使腐烂 petrify: v. 石化,吓呆 86. skeptic: n. 怀疑者,怀疑论者,无神论者 septic: adj. 腐败的,败血病的,脓毒性的 n. 腐烂物 87. sloven: adj. 不修边幅的,邋遢的,懒散的 msolvent: 有偿付能力的 88. snob: n. 势利的人,假内行 one who has an offensive air of superiority in matters of knowledge or taste snub: v. 冷落,不理睬 to treat with contempt or neglect slob: 邋遢的人,粗鲁的人 89. hypnotic: adj.催眠的,易被催眠的 n.催眠药 hypothesis: n.假设 90. meditate: v. 想,考虑 mitigate: v. 减轻 91. spiny: adj. 多针的,尽是尖刺的,棘手的,麻烦的,尖刺状的 spine: 脊柱 92. muscology: n. 苔藓学 mycology: n. 真菌学 93. topography: n. 地形学,地形 typography: n. 印刷术(体裁.样式) 94. cavalry: n. 骑兵部队 chivalry: n. 骑士制度 95. suppress: vt. 镇压,使止住,查禁,抑制,禁止 oppress: vt. 压迫,压抑 96. surrogate: n. 代理,代理人,代用品 backup to put in the place of another: a : to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself b : SUBSTITUTE subrogate: vt. 使<某人>代替 / 取代他人 97. speciosity: n. 似是而非,外表美观 preciosity: n. 过分文雅,过于讲究 98. acclivity: n. 向上的陡坡 declivity: n. 倾斜面,斜坡 proclivity: n. 倾向,癖性 99. vault: n. 窖,地下室,撑竿跳,圆顶a room or compartment for the safekeeping of valuables vaunt: vt.vi. 自夸 100. forthy: adj.性情开朗而友善的 frothy: adj.起泡的,多泡的,空洞的 101. froward: 1 : habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition adj. 不以控制的,难驾驭的,刚愎的 forward: 102: mutter: n.咕哝, 嘀咕 v.咕哝, 嘀咕 muster: n.集合, 阅, 样品, 清单, 一群 v.集合, 召集, 征召, 鼓起(勇气等), 集聚 103. dupe: n.易受骗的人,易受愚弄的人 vt.欺骗,愚弄 n.vt.(=duplicate) duplicity: n.奸诈,狡猾,搞两面派,口是心非,不诚实,表里不一 dupery: n.欺骗,诈欺 104. calvary: [圣经]耶稣被钉死于十字架之地 cavalry: 骑兵 carnival: 狂欢节,饮宴狂欢 carnage: (尤指在战场上的)残杀,大屠杀,流血 105. aver: v.极力声明,断言 avert: v.避免,避开 106. badge: n. 半自动防空警戒管制组织,徽章,标记 badger: vt. 纠缠 107. bemoan: vt. 惋惜,认为遗憾,哀叹 moan: v.n.(痛苦的)呻吟,(不满的)抱怨 108. scraggy: 瘦弱的,凸凹不平的 scraggly: 零乱的,锯齿状的,起伏的,凸凹不平的,不整齐的,稀疏的,蓬乱的 scraggling: 分配不均匀的;轮廓不规则的;凹凸不平的,崎岖的 109. imprudent: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的 impudent: adj. 放肆无礼的,厚颜无耻的 110. prelude: n. 先驱,前奏,序幕 preclude: n. 排除 111. profligate: adj. 挥金如土的 n. 挥霍者 proliferate: v. 增殖,扩散 112. BLENCH: vi.畏缩,回避 bench: n.长椅子 113. abrogate: vt. 废除,取消 abnegate: v. 放弃 arrogate: v. 冒称 denigrate: v.毁誉 derogate: 贬损,毁损 114. rabid: adj. 猛烈的,热烈的,急进的,疯狂的,固执的,狂怒的 ribald: adj. 下流的 115. sober: adj. 清醒的,稳重的,节制的,严肃的,朴素的,合理的,不夸大的 somber: adj. 阴森的,昏暗的,阴天的,忧郁的 116. stride: vi.vt. 迈大步走,跨过,跨 strident: adj. 刺耳的,高声喧哗的 117. stun: vt. 使晕倒,使惊吓,打晕 stunt: v.阻碍 n. 特技,绝技,花招,噱头,矮小物,发育迟缓,手腕 118. surrogate: n. 代理,代理人,代用品 subrogate: vt. 使<某人>代替 / 取代他人 rogation: n. 法律草案,祈祷,祷告 reprobate: n. 堕落者,无赖汉 adj. 堕落的,邪恶的,无耻的 v. 非难,排斥 119. sultry: adj. 闷热的,粗暴的,激烈的,放荡的 120. typo: n. 印刷工,排字工,打字错误 tyro: n. 生手,初学者,新手 tory: n. 保守党党员,保皇党人 adj. 保守分子 121. vault: n. 窖,地下室,撑竿跳,圆顶 vaunt: vt.vi. 自夸 122. racial: adj. 人种的,种族的,种族间的 radical: adj. 根本的,基本的,激进的 n. 激进分子 |