复习中遇到的较难或易混淆的反义词
abiding <>evanescent;
balky<>tractable;
balk<>move ahead willingly
acquiesce <> resist ;
acquiesce <> defy 默许
aggrandize <> relegate 降级 ;
preposterous <>commonsensical
aligned 调整<> improperly adjusted
aligned <> irregular / {curved }/ askew
watershed 分水岭 <> ambiguity
synergic 合作的<> antagonistic
anterior <> ensuing
***turpitude卑鄙<>probity
hone <> blunt磨刀
***balm香膏,安慰物<>irritant刺激物
asperity<>mildness
aspersion<>glowing tribute
awry (off the correct or expected course : AMISS)<> planed;
***bedeck装饰<>strip ;
blazon装饰,夸示,纹章:efface;
beleaguer围攻:delight;
boycott抵制:patronize惠顾,赞助
bristle发怒:cower;
bungle(mishandle,botch)<>bring off(rescue,accomplish)
burgeon<>waste away;//subside//wither
gratuitous <--> merited 应得的
***ancillary 补助的,副的<>paramount
abrogate废除<>uphold,institue
evince表明<>conceal (ref: convince) vincible 易征服的,易克服的
epic <>modest (not romantic);
supercilious 自大的,傲慢的<>obsequious
galvanize<>lull; goad<>lull;
lull<>increased; startle<>lull(not appease, reconcile)
pedestrian<>imaginative;
pedestrian<>uncommon徒步的,呆板的,通俗的
pejorative<>laudatory变坏的,轻蔑的;
rein缰绳,控制 <> prod
vigilant <> oblivious (not ignorant 无知的,note: neglectful忽视的)
ponderous <>lively冗长的,沉闷的;
rescission(rescind)<>enactment制定
fastidious<>coarse(not willing);
fastidious<>easygoing
blandishment奉承<>threat(not parody);
provident<>profligate
provident:1 : making provision for the future : PRUDENT
2 : FRUGAL, SAVING
cosset宠爱<>slight;
definitive 确定的,权威的<>provisional
dispassionate<>responsive;
refractory<>responsive
garble断章取义,混淆 <>elucidate(not establish conclusively)
pathological病理的,病态的<>normal;
syncopated切分,词中省略<>normal accented
husky 谷的,沙哑的,健壮的,结实的<>delicate脆弱的
odyssey:长期的冒险旅行<>errand跑腿
sanative治疗病症的,有易于健康的
deprivation剥夺,贫困<>fecundity丰饶 (not surfeit<>famine) ????
sere干枯的<>lush青葱的(not immersed);
cosset宠爱<>slight粗暴对待,轻视(not dislike)
dissonance不一致,不谐和音<>concord和音 (not consent)
deactivate 使无效,使不活动<>potentiate 加强
withhold使停止,拒绝,保留,抑制<>grant(not accept) withstand抵挡,经受住
immemorial古老的,无法追忆的
bait欺负,折磨<>disarm缓和,消除敌意
reconstitute<>dehydrate: to constitute again or anew; especially :
to restore to a former condition by adding water
frequent:shun(not avoid);
relevant相关的,中肯的relating to or bearing upon the matter in hand因相关而合适的
:immaterial非实质性的(强调相关性)而inopportune不合适的
factorable可分解因子的<>irreducible不可约分的,不可削减的,不能复归的
rift<>reconciliation ;
lithe<>awkward; characterized by easy flexibility and grace <a lithe dancer>
易混淆的词汇
1. exceptional: unusually good 杰出的
unexceptional: 非例外的,普通的
exceptionable: likely to cause objection; objectionable 会引起反对的;可非议的
unexceptionable: not exceptionable; without flaw or fault 无懈可击的,无可指责的, 完美无缺的 ***
2. preceptive: giving precepts; instructive; didactic 规戒的,训诫的,教诲的
perceptive: insightful; aware; wise 有洞察力的;明智的;聪明的
3. regime n. method or system of government
regimen n. prescribed diet and habits
4. egoism : excessive interest in one’s self; belief that one should be interested in one’s self rather than in others.
egotism: conceit; vanity.
5. paramount: 极为重要的
paramour : 情夫,情妇
6. tacit: understood; not put into words 心照不宣的;不明言的;默示的,默许的
taciturn: habitually silent; talking little 沉默寡言的
7. retrench: to cut down; economize 削减;节省
entrench: to establish in a strong position 使处于牢固地位;确立
8. protend: (使)伸出;(使)延伸
portend: foretell; presage 预示
9. reprobation: severe disapproval n. 斥责
approbation: approval n. 官方批准,认可,嘉许
10. obscure: dark; vague; unclear
obscene: 淫秽的,猥亵的 8.4
11. turbid: muddy; having the sediment disturbed ***
tumid : swollen; pompous; bombastic
turgid: swollen; distended 12. venal : capable of being bribed ***
vernal: 春天的,春天发生的,和煦的,青春的
venial: forgivable; trivial
13. abdominal : 腹部的 ventral
abominable: 讨厌的,令人憎恶的
14. abjure: vt. renounce upon oath 发誓放弃,避免,公开放弃
adjure: vt. 起誓, 恳请, (以起誓或诅咒等形式)命令
15. allay: transitive senses
1: to subdue or reduce in intensity or severity : ALLEVIATE *expect a breeze to allay the heat*
2: to make quiet : CALM
intransitive senses, obsolete: to diminish in strength : SUBSIDE
synonyms see RELIEVE galvanize <> allay
ally: transitive senses
1: to unite or form a connection between : ASSOCIATE *allied himself with a wealthy family by marriage*
2: to connect or form a relation between (as by likeness or compatibility) : RELATE
intransitive senses: to form or enter into an alliance
noun: 1: a sovereign or state associated with another by treaty or league
2: a plant or animal linked to another by genetic or taxonomic proximity
3: one that is associated with another as a helper : AUXILIARY
16. gouge: 有欺骗,挖出的含义
gauge:
17. abrogate: 放弃,废除,取消 ***
derogate: 贬损,毁损
18. aggravate:vt. 加重,恶化 *** to make worse, more serious, or more severe : intensify unpleasantly
aggregate:v. 集合,合计,集合体 to collect or gather into a mass or whole
19. analgesic: a.止痛的,不痛的 n.[医] 止痛剂 ****
anesthetic: a.麻醉的 n.麻醉剂,麻药
20. artifacts: n. 史前古器物 something created by humans usually for a practical purpose;
especially: an object remaining from a particular period
artifice: n. 巧办法,诡计 false or insincere behavior 8.7
21. bequest: n. 遗赠物,遗产,遗赠 something bequeathed : LEGACY ,devise, inheritance
sequester:v.(使)隐退,隐居
22. pastiche: n. (音乐等)混合作品? ***
postiche: adj. 伪造的,假的?
23. suspicious: adj. 可疑的,疑惧的,怀疑的
susceptible: adj.易受影响的,多情的? ***
24. convoke: v. 召集会议? to call together to a meeting convoke <> adjourn
evoke: v. 引起,唤起
provoke: v. 激怒,挑逗
revoke: v. 废除, 取消
25. decompose: v.(使)腐烂?
discompose: v. 使失态,慌张? ***
26. delegate: n. 代表?
relegate: v. 降级,贬谪?
27. appropriate: v. 拨款,盗用?
expropriate: v. 充公,没收?
28. repatriate: v.(自异国)遣返?
expatriate: v. 驱逐出国,脱离国籍?
29. peculate: v. 挪用(公款)? ***
speculate: v. 沉思,思索,投机?
30. simulate: v. 假装,模仿? ***
dissimulate: v. 隐藏、掩饰?
31. postulate : v. 假定,要求?
expostulate: v. (对人或行为的)抗议,告诫 ? ***
32. regressive: adj. 退步的,退化的?
repressive: adj. 镇压的,残酷的?
33. smug: adj. 自满的,自命不凡的?
snug: adj. 温暖的,舒适的?
34. peach: v. 揭发,检举? ***
impeach: v. 指摘,弹劾?
35. debauch: v. 使放荡,堕落?
debouch: v. 流出,进入(开阔地区)?
36. garish: adj. 俗丽的,过于艳丽的?
garnish: v. 装饰(于食品上)?
tarnish: n./v. 失去光泽,晦暗?
varnish: n. 清漆,v. 涂上清漆
burnish: v. 擦亮,磨光?
37. anguish: n. 极大痛苦?
languish: v. 衰弱,变得消瘦?***
sluggish: adj.行动迟缓的,懒惰的
lassitude: n. 疲乏
38. rucksack: n. (旅行等的)背包?
ransack: v. 彻底搜索,洗劫?
haversack: n. 肩背包,干粮袋? ***
39. epideictic: adj. 夸耀的? ***
epicedium: n. 哀悼歌
40. hardheaded: adj. 冷静的,脚踏实地的,无懈可击的,顽固的
hardhearted: adj. 无情的,冷酷的,心肠硬的 8.8
41. repeal: v. 废除(法律),否定,撤销
appeal: v. 恳求,吸引,上诉?
42. impel: v. 推进,驱使? ***
compel: v. 强迫,引起?
43. impudent: adj. 放肆无礼的,厚颜无耻的
marked by contemptuous or cocky boldness or disregard of others : INSOLENT
impudent <>deferential/respectful/obeisant 放肆无礼的<>恭敬的,有礼貌的
imprudent: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的not prudent : lacking discretion
judicious<>imprudent 判断正确的 <> 轻率的
44. bawl: v. 大叫,大喊?
brawl: n./v. 争吵,打架?
45. declaim: v. 高谈阔论,雄辩,大声说 ?***
disclaim: v. 放弃,弃权,拒绝
reclaim: vt. 要求归还,收回,开垦
46. bacon: n. 熏猪肉,培根肉?
beacon: n. 信号灯,闪光灯?
47. jabber: to talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly GIBBER, babble, chatter, gabble
cf: rabble(乌合之众),pebble(鹅卵石),gobble(狼吞虎咽),dabbler(业余者),scribble(涂鸦),
rubber(橡胶),quibble(小反对),babble(胡言乱语),squabble(争论),nibble(小口咬)
48. compellation: n. 姓名,头衔?
appellation: n. 名称,称呼?
49. alteration: n. 改变,变更? ***
altercation: n. 争吵,争论?
50. echelon: n. 等级,阶层? ***
chevron: n. 军警袖章,V形图案?
51. scarp: n. 悬崖,陡坡?
scrap: n. 小片、碎屑 v. 废弃?
52. founder: v. (船)沉没,(计划)失败 ? ***
flounder: v. 挣扎,艰苦地移动? n. 比目鱼
53. tamper: v. 窜改,玩弄?
temper: v. 锻炼,缓和 n. 脾气?
taper: v. 逐渐变细,逐渐减少 n. 锥形,锥度,小蜡烛,烛心 54. ulterior: adj. 较晚的,较远的 ?
anterior: adj. 较早的,以前的?
55. torpor: n. 有气无力,死气沉沉?
stupor: n. 昏迷,不醒人事?
56. blur: n. 模糊不清的事物?v. 使…模糊 ***
slur: v. 含糊不清地讲?
57. detour: n. 弯路,绕行之路?
devour: v. 吞食,(一口气)读完?
58. alias: n. 化名,别名?
atlas: n. 地图集?
59. paralysis: n. 瘫痪,中风? ***
catalysis: n. 催化作用?
gratis: adj. 免费的?
laryngitis: n. 喉炎?
bronchitis: n. 支气管炎?
encephalitis: n. 脑炎?
nephritis: n. 肾炎?
arthritis: n. 关节炎?
gastritis: n. 胃炎?
hepatitis: n. 肝炎?
60. forceps: n. (医用)钳子,镊子? 8.25
pincers: n. 钳子,镊子?
pliers: n. 钳子?
nippers: n. 钳子,镊子?
61. feckless: adj. 无目标无计划的?
reckless: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的?
62. ponderable: adj. 有价值的,有重量的 significant enough to be worth considering : APPRECIABLE
ponderable <> inappreciable 有价值的 <> 微不足道的
ponderous: adj. 笨重的,笨拙的 of very great weight
63. veracious: adj. 诚实的,说真话的?
voracious: adj. 狼吞虎咽的,贪婪的?
64. insidious: adj. 祸害隐伏的,阴险的
invidious: adj. 惹人反感的,招人嫉妒的 ?
65. factitious: adj. 人为的,不真实的?
factious: adj. 好搞派系的,好捣乱的
fictitious: adj. 假的、虚构的?
fractious: adj. 易怒的,倔强的,脾气不好的
66. precocious: adj. 早熟的?
precarious: adj. 危险的,不稳定的?
67. postulate: v.要求, 假定
postulant: n. 志愿者
postural: adj. 姿势的, 位置的
pustulate: v.生脓疱 adj.生脓疱的
68. postulate: v.要求, 假定
portable: adj.便携式的
69. provincial: adj. 省的,地方的,偏狭的
provisional: adj.暂时的
providential: adj. 幸运的
70. prude: n. 装成规矩的女人,过分正经的女人
prudent: adj. 审慎的,三思而后行的,精明的,节俭的
prudery: n. 装规矩的行为
prudish: adj. 装淑女样子的,装规矩的,过分规矩的
71. puckish: adj. 爱恶作剧的精灵似的; 爱恶作剧的,淘气的,顽皮的
punkish: adj. 极差的,无用的,低劣的
72. conspectus: n. 概要,大纲?
prospectus: n. 章程,内容简介?
73. edict: n. 法令、命令?
indict: v. 控诉,起诉,告发
interdict: v. 禁止,切断(补给线)?
verdict: n. 判决,决定?
evict: v. (依法)驱逐?
74. versant: adj. 专心从事的 n. 斜坡?
conversant: adj. 精通的,熟知的?
75. pageant: n. 壮观的游行,露天剧 ?
plangent: adj. 如泣如诉的,悲哀的?
76. truculent: adj. 残暴的,凶狠的?
trenchant: adj. 一针见血的,精辟的?
77. deportment: n. (尤指少女的)风度,举止 ?
comportment: n. 举止?
78. immanent: adj. 普遍存在的,内在的 ?
imminent: adj. 即将发生的,逼近的?
79. inert: adj. 惰性的,行动迟钝的?
pert: adj. 活泼的,敏捷的?
80. spout: v. 喷出,滔滔不绝地讲?
sprout: v. 长出,萌芽,嫩芽?
81. farrow: v. (母猪)生产 n. 一窝小猪 ?
furrow: n. 犁沟,皱纹?
82. vertex: n. (三角形等)顶角,顶点 ?
cortex: n. 外皮?
vortex: n. 漩涡,漩风?
83. parody: n. 嘲弄文章,拙劣的模仿?
prosody: n. 诗体学,韵律学?
rhapsody: n. 溢美之词,狂想曲?
84. gaudy: adj. 俗丽的?
bawdy: adj. 淫猥的、下流的?
dowdy: adj. 不整洁的,过旧的?
rowdy: adj. 吵闹的,粗暴的?
85. putrefy: v. 使腐烂?
petrify: v. 石化,吓呆?
86. skeptic: n. 怀疑者,怀疑论者,无神论者
septic: adj. 腐败的,败血病的,脓毒性的 n. 腐烂物
87. sloven: adj. 不修边幅的,邋遢的,懒散的
msolvent: 有偿付能力的
88. snob: n. 势利的人,假内行 one who has an offensive air of superiority in matters of knowledge or taste
snub: v. 冷落,不理睬 to treat with contempt or neglect
slob: 邋遢的人,粗鲁的人
89. hypnotic: adj.催眠的,易被催眠的 n.催眠药
hypothesis: n.假设
90. meditate: v. 想,考虑
mitigate: v. 减轻
91. spiny: adj. 多针的,尽是尖刺的,棘手的,麻烦的,尖刺状的
spine: 脊柱
92. muscology: n. 苔藓学?
mycology: n. 真菌学?
93. topography: n. 地形学,地形?
typography: n. 印刷术(体裁.样式)?
94. cavalry: n. 骑兵部队?
chivalry: n. 骑士制度?
95. suppress: vt. 镇压,使止住,查禁,抑制,禁止
oppress: vt. 压迫,压抑
96. surrogate: n. 代理,代理人,代用品 backup to put in the place of another:
a : to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself
b : SUBSTITUTE
subrogate: vt. 使<某人>代替 / 取代他人
97. speciosity: n. 似是而非,外表美观?
preciosity: n. 过分文雅,过于讲究?
98. acclivity: n. 向上的陡坡?
declivity: n. 倾斜面,斜坡?
proclivity: n. 倾向,癖性?
99. vault: n. 窖,地下室,撑竿跳,圆顶a room or compartment for the safekeeping of valuables
vaunt: vt.vi. 自夸
100. forthy: adj.性情开朗而友善的
frothy: adj.起泡的,多泡的,空洞的
101. froward: 1 : habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition adj. 不以控制的,难驾驭的,刚愎的
forward:
102: mutter: n.咕哝, 嘀咕 v.咕哝, 嘀咕
muster: n.集合, 阅, 样品, 清单, 一群 v.集合, 召集, 征召, 鼓起(勇气等), 集聚
103. dupe: n.易受骗的人,易受愚弄的人 vt.欺骗,愚弄 n.vt.(=duplicate)
duplicity: n.奸诈,狡猾,搞两面派,口是心非,不诚实,表里不一
dupery: n.欺骗,诈欺
104. calvary: [圣经]耶稣被钉死于十字架之地
cavalry: 骑兵
carnival: 狂欢节,饮宴狂欢
carnage: (尤指在战场上的)残杀,大屠杀,流血
105. aver: v.极力声明,断言
avert: v.避免,避开 106. badge: n. 半自动防空警戒管制组织,徽章,标记
badger: vt. 纠缠
107. bemoan: vt. 惋惜,认为遗憾,哀叹
moan: v.n.(痛苦的)呻吟,(不满的)抱怨
108. scraggy: 瘦弱的,凸凹不平的
scraggly: 零乱的,锯齿状的,起伏的,凸凹不平的,不整齐的,稀疏的,蓬乱的
scraggling: 分配不均匀的;轮廓不规则的;凹凸不平的,崎岖的
109. imprudent: adj. 轻率的,鲁莽的
impudent: adj. 放肆无礼的,厚颜无耻的
110. prelude: n. 先驱,前奏,序幕
preclude: n. 排除
111. profligate: adj. 挥金如土的 n. 挥霍者
proliferate: v. 增殖,扩散
112. BLENCH: vi.畏缩,回避
bench: n.长椅子
113. abrogate: vt. 废除,取消
abnegate: v. 放弃
arrogate: v. 冒称
denigrate: v.毁誉
derogate: 贬损,毁损
114. rabid: adj. 猛烈的,热烈的,急进的,疯狂的,固执的,狂怒的
ribald: adj. 下流的
115. sober: adj. 清醒的,稳重的,节制的,严肃的,朴素的,合理的,不夸大的
somber: adj. 阴森的,昏暗的,阴天的,忧郁的
116. stride: vi.vt. 迈大步走,跨过,跨
strident: adj. 刺耳的,高声喧哗的
117. stun: vt. 使晕倒,使惊吓,打晕
stunt: v.阻碍 n. 特技,绝技,花招,噱头,矮小物,发育迟缓,手腕
118. surrogate: n. 代理,代理人,代用品
subrogate: vt. 使<某人>代替 / 取代他人
rogation: n. 法律草案,祈祷,祷告
reprobate: n. 堕落者,无赖汉 adj. 堕落的,邪恶的,无耻的 v. 非难,排斥
119. sultry: adj. 闷热的,粗暴的,激烈的,放荡的 120. typo: n. 印刷工,排字工,打字错误
tyro: n. 生手,初学者,新手
tory: n. 保守党党员,保皇党人 adj. 保守分子
121. vault: n. 窖,地下室,撑竿跳,圆顶
vaunt: vt.vi. 自夸
122. racial: adj. 人种的,种族的,种族间的
radical: adj. 根本的,基本的,激进的 n. 激进分子

