| BLUELEAF--BUPT 这里将8月太傻单词新增加的类比反义在太傻单词中的详细解释挑选总结出来! 希望对大家有好处! 下周就要上考场了,祝愿我、下周就要同上考场的北师大的Karen及所有共同战斗的兄弟姐妹杀鸡成功!另外祝下周6 PPCCLL考T顺利! 谢谢gf这些日子给我洗衣服,减轻了不少负担!:-) (从word拷过来,格式都乱了,抱歉!) acme n.顶点,极点 the highest point or stage acme : surpass :: impossible : execute 顶点:超越:: 不可能的 : 实现 (事物特征及其反面被动特征)【注:词性不符】 Synonyms APEX , apogee, capstone, climax, culmination, meridian, peak, pinnacle, summit, zenith
adulterate vt. 掺假 to corrupt, debase, or make impure by the addition of a foreign or inferior substance or element stickler stickler : approximation :: purist : adulteration 坚持己见的人:近似::纯粹主义者:掺杂(人或事物及其反面特征) embellish:austere::adulterate:pure 装饰:朴素::掺假:纯净 (减轻或消除关系) adulterate : purity :: enervate : vigor 掺假 : 纯度 :: 衰弱 : 活力(消除减弱关系) adulterate:pure :: bolster/brace:weak 掺假 : 纯净 :: 振作精神 :虚弱 (减轻或消除关系) unalloyed <> adulterated 未掺杂的,纯粹的<> 掺假的 Synonyms debase, doctor, dope (up), load, sophisticate alchemy n.炼金术, 魔力 a medieval chemical science and speculative philosophy aiming to achieve the transmutation of the base metals into gold, the discovery of a universal cure for disease, and the discovery of a means of indefinitely prolonging life alchemy : chemistry :: false drug : treatment 炼金术:化学::假药 :治疗 (种属,特征“假”) alleviate v.缓和,减轻 RELIEVE, LESSEN abate : tax :: alleviate : distress 降低 : 税 :: 减轻 : 压力(动宾关系) alleviate : intensity :: abate : tax 减轻 : 强度 ::降低 : 税 (动宾关系) alleviate : strength :: dampen : ardor 减轻 : 强度 :: 使沮丧 : 热情(动宾关系) alleviate: power:: attenuate: force 减轻 :能力 :: 削弱 :力量 (动宾关系) alleviate <> exacerbate 减轻 <> 恶化 Synonyms RELIEVE, allay, assuage, ease, lighten, mitigate, mollify apocrypha n. 伪经,伪书 writings or statements of dubious authenticity apocryphal: authentic::?? 假冒的: 可信的 ::??(反义) apothecary n.<古><英方>药剂师,药商,药房 one who prepares and sells drugs or compounds for medicinal purposes apothecary: medicine:: butcher: meat {librarian: book } 药剂师 : 药 ::屠夫 :肉 { 图书管理员 :书籍} (人物及其工作对象)【注:强调“制备与出售”】 arbor n.树阴处, (树枝等形成的)藤架, 凉亭, [植]树, 乔木 a shelter of vines or branches or of latticework covered with climbing shrubs or vines arbor:shelter::hedgerow:fence 树荫:掩蔽处::灌木篱墙:围墙 (种属) ascetic adj. 禁欲的n. 苦行者 austere in appearance, manner, or attitude glutton : overindulgence :: ascetic : self-denial 暴食者 :放纵 ::修道者 :禁欲,克己 (特征人物及其正面特征) ascetic:self-denial :: bodybusy:intrusive 修道者 :禁欲,克己::保镖, 护卫 :打扰的 sybarite <> ascetic 沉于奢侈逸乐者 <>苦行者 voluptuary <> ascetic 耽于酒色的 <>苦行的 indulgent <>ascetic 放纵的 <>苦行的 ascetic <> voluptuary 禁欲者,苦行者 <> 酒色之徒 ascetic <> sumptuous 苦行的 <> 奢侈的 Synonyms SEVERE 1, astringent, austere, mortified, stern aspirant n.有抱负者, 有野心者 One who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position. aspirant:quarry :: hunter:prey 有抱负者:目标 ::狩猎者:猎物 (人物及其追求对象) Synonyms CANDIDATE, applicant, hopeful, seeker jealous adj.妒忌的, 猜疑的, 警惕的, 嫉妒的 having to do with or arising from feelings of envy, apprehension, or bitterness attentive: meddlesome:: envy: jealous 注意的 :多管闲事的 :: 羡慕 :嫉妒的 (程度褒贬类比)【注:词性不符】 attorney n.<美>律师, (业务或法律事务上的)代理人 A person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings attorney:defendant::?? 律师 : 被告 ::?? ballast n.压舱物, 沙囊 Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship or the gondola of a balloon to enhance stability. ballast:stability:: truss:support 压舱物:稳定性::托架 :支持作用 (物品及其增强对象) bellwether n.系铃的公羊, 前导, 领导者, 群众的首领 One that serves as a leader or as a leading indicator of future trends bellwether:leadership :: advisor:consultant 领导者 :领导阶层 :: 顾问 :顾问 (同义) embarrass vt. 使困窘, 使局促不安,阻碍 to place in doubt, perplexity, or difficulties catastrophe : mishap :: humiliation : embarrassment 大灾难:不幸 ::耻辱 :困窘(名词的程度比较) embarrass : shame :: console : comfort 使困窘 :羞耻 ::安慰 :舒适(动作及其目的关系) unabashed : embarrassment :: unheralded : announcement 脸皮厚的:困窘::未事先宣布的 :告知(形容词和名词的反面关系) blush: embarrassment:: nod: agreement / bow: respect /shrug: indifference 脸红 :困窘::点头:同意 / 鞠躬 : 尊敬 / 耸肩 : 不关心 Synonyms: abash, confound, confuse, discomfit, disconcert, discountenance, faze, rattle; compare DISCOMPOSE bodyguard : person :: soldier : nation bristle n. 硬毛 v. 气势汹汹,直立,发怒,充满 to take on an aggressive attitude or appearance (as in response to a slight) bristle <> cower 发怒 <>畏缩 bristle : anger :: vacillate :unresolution { condone :mercy} {condemn:warning} 发怒:愤怒 ::忧郁不定 :不坚决{ 赦免:仁慈} {谴责:警告} Synonyms ANGER, blow up, boil, boil over, burn, flare (up), fume, rage, seethe bully n. 欺凌弱小者,土霸 one habitually cruel to others who are weaker instigator:incite: bully : browbeat 煽动者 :激励 :欺凌弱小者 :威吓 (人物及其正面特征) bully:intimidate::stupid:gullibility 欺凌弱小者 :威吓 :: 笨人 :轻信 (人物及其特征行为) sabotage:subvertness:: bull:intimidation { dupe:duplicity } 阴谋破坏 :颠覆 ::暴力强迫 :胁迫 (行为及其目标) underdog <> bully 受害者 <>欺凌弱小者 Synonyms browbeater, bulldozer, harasser, harrier, hector, intimidator; compare TOUGH, PIMP , fancy man, pander cacophony n. 刺耳的声音 harsh or discordant sound : DISSONANCE cacophony : sound :: malodor : scent 不愉快的音调 :语音 ::恶臭 :气味 (直接修饰) fetid:smell:cacophonous:sound 恶臭的:气味 ::刺耳的:声音 (直接修饰) cacophony:voice:: gaucherie:skill 不愉快的音调 :语音 :: 笨拙:技巧 (直接修饰) cacophonous <> dulcet / euphonious 发音不和谐的 <>优美/ 悦耳的 Synonyms adj. DISSONANT, cacophonic, discordant, disharmonic, disharmonious, inharmonic, inharmonious, unharmonious, unmusical callous adj.无情的, 冷淡的, 硬结的, 起老茧的 a : feeling no emotion b : feeling no sympathy for others callous : impassive :: dupe : duplicity 冷淡的:冷漠的 :: 欺骗 :不诚实 (同义) callous<>sympathetic 无情冷淡的<>有同情心的 Synonyms UNFEELING 2, coldhearted, hardhearted, heartless, obdurate, stony, stonyhearted, uncompassionate, unemotional, unsympathetic cane n. 拐杖,被用来帮助行走或当作一种饰物而携带的棍子 A stick used as an aid in walking or carried as an accessory cane: walk:: glasses: see 拐杖:行走::眼睛:看 (工具及其辅助对象) canopy n.天篷, 遮篷 a cover (as of cloth) fixed or carried above a person of high rank or a sacred object : BALDACHIN canopy : cover::?? 天篷:盖子 ::??(种属) caprice n.异想天开 ,反复无常,善变,任性 a sudden, impulsive, and seemingly unmotivated notion or action caprice : whimsical :: stealth : furtive :: discontent : unsatisfied 异想天开 :异想天开的 ::秘密行动 :偷偷摸摸是 :不满 :不满足的(正面特征) apophasis : claim :: caprice : deliberate 故抑其词 :断言 ::反复无常 :深思熟虑 (反面特征) caprice: whimsical::insight: discerning 任性:反复无常的 ::洞察力 :洞悉 (同义) capricious <> steadfast 多变的 <> 固定不变的 caprice <> confirmation 善变 <> 确证 Synonyms bee, conceit, crank, crotchet, fancy, freak, humor, maggot, megrim, notion, vagary, whim, whimsy turret n.小塔, 塔楼, 炮塔 a little tower; specifically : an ornamental structure at an angle of a larger structure castle : turret :: sea : beacon 城堡 : 塔楼 :: 海洋 : 灯塔 (建筑物及其所属) membrane n.薄膜,细胞膜 a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin pore:membrane::door:room 气孔 :薄膜 ::门 :房间 (事物及其入口) cell:membrane:: seed:hull 细胞 :细胞膜 :: 种子 :外壳 (事物及其外壳) antagonize vt. 使成敌人,敌对,反对 to incur or provoke the hostility of choler: antagonize ::?? 愤怒:对抗::?? placate <>antagonize 抚慰 <> 引起反抗 synergic <> antagonistic 协作的,合作的 <> 敌对的 propitiate <> antagonize 安抚 <> 引起反抗 mollify <> antagonize/ {ire} 平息,缓和 <> 引起反抗 / {忿怒} 【词性不符】 choreography n. 舞蹈,舞蹈编排 the composition and arrangement of dances especially for ballet choreography: dance ::plot: story 舞蹈编排:舞蹈::小说情节:小说 (文艺作品及其结构关系) choreography: movement::?? 舞蹈编排 :动作 ::?? scale 天平,秤盘,秤,音阶 a.an instrument or machine for weighing b.an estimate of the amount of sound lumber in logs or standing timber gauge : pressure :: scale : weight :: yardstick : length 量规:压力::天平:重量::码尺:长度:(测量工具及其对象) color : spectrum :: tone : scale 颜色:光谱:音调:音阶 (事物及其度量) conundrum n.(答案有双关意义的)谜语, 难题 a : a question or problem having only a conjectural answer b : an intricate and difficult problem conundrum:solve::?? 难题:解决::?? Synonyms MYSTERY, Chinese puzzle, closed book, enigma, mystification, puzzle, puzzlement, riddle, why husk n.(果类或谷物的)外壳(通常用复数), 皮, 无价值之物 a usually dry or membranous outer covering (as a pod or hull or one composed of bracts) of various seeds and fruits; also : one of the constituent parts corn : husk :: ?? 谷物 :外皮 ::?? crutch n. 拐杖,支撑,帮助 a support typically fitting under the armpit for use by the disabled in walking crutch : walk :: glasses : see 拐杖:行走::眼镜:看 (物品及其辅助功能) crutch :support ::?? 拐杖:支持::?? (物品及其作用) dastard n.懦夫, 胆小的人 a person who acts treacherously or underhandedly dastard : craven :: ?? 懦夫:懦夫 ::??(同义) Synonyms COWARD, chicken, craven, funk, funker, poltroon, quitter, yellowbelly debark vt.使登陆, 卸载, 使下船 To unload, as from a ship or an airplane. debark:ship ::unload :truck 卸载:船 ::卸货 :卡车 debris n.碎片, 残骸 the remains of something broken down or destroyed debris: destroy:: ash:burn 残骸:破坏:灰烬:烧 (行为及其残余物) Synonyms REFUSE, garbage, junk, litter, offal, riffraff, rubbish, spilth, trash, waste dehydrate vt. (使)脱水(n. dehydration) to remove bound water or hydrogen and oxygen from (a chemical compound) in the proportion in which they form water abraded : friction :: desiccated : dehydration 摩擦的 : 摩擦 :: 脱水的 : 脱水 (因果或目的以及产生或导致关系) dehydrate : water :: wither : vitality :: fade : brightening 脱水 : 水 :: 枯萎 : 活力 :: 褪色 : 明亮 ( 行为及其消除对象) fatigue : rest :: dehydration : water 疲劳 : 休息 :: 脱水 : 水 ( 行为及其消除对象) descent:altitude::dehydrate:moisture 降落 : 高度 :: 脱水 :潮湿 (动作及其对象) dehydrate : water :: fatigue : repose / rest 脱水 : 水 :: 疲劳 : 休息 ( 行为及其消除对象) dehydrate : moisture :: desertification : vegetation 脱水 : 潮湿 ::沙漠化 :植被 (行为及其消除对象) reconstitute <> dehydrate 复原 <>脱水 Synonyms : DRY, desiccate, exsiccate, parch, sear delude vt. 迷惑,蛊惑 to mislead the mind or judgment of : DECEIVE, TRICK delusion:?::hallucination:perception {mirage:imagination} 错觉 :思考 ::幻觉 :感觉 { 幻想 :想象}(行为及其特殊方式) transparent <> delusive 透明的 <>迷惑的 Synonyms : DECEIVE, beguile, betray, bluff, double-cross, humbug, illude, juggle, mislead, take in digress v. 离题,把(话题)离开 to turn aside especially from the main subject of attention or course of argument digress : excursive :: reiterate : redundant 离题:离题的:: 重申: 累赘的没有必要重复的(动词与形容词的正面关系) digressive : topic / subject :: stray : group 离题的:主题, 话题:: 迷路的:人群(偏离对象关系) digressive:topic::random:pattern 离题的:主题, 话题:: 没有具体形式,目的或内容的: 形式(缺乏关系) aberrant : standard :: digressive : topic 异常的 : 标准 :: 离题的 : 主题 (缺乏关系) digress : topic:: errant : standard 离题的 : 主题 ::周游不定的:标准 (缺乏关系) Synonyms depart, divagate, diverge, excurse, ramble, stray, wander embark vi. 乘船,着手,从事,上飞机 to make a start debut : career :: embarkment : journey 初次登台 : 职业生涯 ::上船, 上飞机 : 旅行 (过程的开始) dismount: horse:: disembark: ship 下马:马 ::登陆 :船 (行为及其对象) conclude <> embark on 结束<>开始 Synonyms : BOARD doggerel adj. 歪诗的n.打油诗 loosely styled and irregular in measure especially for burlesque or comic effect; also : marked by triviality or inferiority doggerel : verse :: burlesque : play 打油诗 :诗 :: 讽刺作品,滑稽戏剧:戏剧(种属关系) doggerel : poem :: sketch : draw 打油诗 :诗 ::草图 :图 (种属关系) elf n.小精灵, 矮人, 淘气鬼, 恶作剧的人, 恶人 a small lively creature; also : a usually lively mischievous or malicious person elf : imperious :: ?? 恶人 :专横的::?? epilogue n. 收场白,尾声 a concluding section that rounds out the design of a literary work; the final scene of a play that comments on or summarizes the main action; the concluding section of a musical composition : CODA dessert : meal :: epilogue : play :: coda : sonata 饭后甜点:一顿饭::收场白:一出戏::乐章结尾部::奏鸣曲 (事物及其后部) terminus: stop :: epilogue: story 终点:车站::收场白:故事 (事物及其后部) epilogue: prose::finale? 收场白:散文::决赛:?? preface <> epilogue 序文 <> 尾声 equivocal adj. 意义含糊的,不直率的 a : subject to two or more interpretations and usually used to mislead or confuse b : uncertain as an indication or sign equivocation : clarity :: prevarication : truth 模棱两可的话:明晰::搪塞:事实 (逃避关系) equivocation : coax :: explanation : enlighten 模棱两可的话:哄骗::解释:启发 (目的关系) equivocation : misleading :: bromide : hackneyed 模棱两可的话:误导::平凡的事物:常见的 (事物及其正面特征) equivocation: truth:: euphemism :offense/obfuscation :clarity 模棱两可的话:事实::委婉语:冒犯 /困惑:明晰 (逃避关系) equivocate : commitment :: procrastinate : action 支吾:承诺::拖延:行动 (逃避关系) equivocation : ambiguous :: platitude : banal 模棱两可的话:暧昧的::陈词滥调:老一套的 (事物及其正面特征) fawn: imperiousness:: equivocate: directness 奉承:专横::支吾:率直 (逃避关系) grandstand : impress :: equivocate : deceive 为博取观众喝彩而卖弄(技巧):留下印象::支吾:欺骗 (目的关系) equivocation: truth:: metaphor: description 模棱两可的话:事实::隐喻:描述 (逃避关系) rationalization : plausible::obfuscation : indiscernible {equivocation : definite} 推论 : 似是而非的 :: 困惑: 难以识别的 (行为及其特征) equivocate : misleading :: cliched : hackneyed 模棱两可:误导::陈腐的 :常见的 【注:词性不符】 equivocation: ambiguous:: oxymoron: incongruous 模棱两可的话:暧昧的::矛盾修饰法:不调和的 (事物及其正面特征) waffle <>speak unequivocally 胡扯 <> 说话不搪塞 equivocation <>clarity 模棱两可 <> 清楚 Synonyms OBSCURE, DARK, VAGUE, ENIGMATIC, CRYPTIC, AMBIGUOUS esteem n.v. 尊敬,尊重 to set a high value on : regard highly and prize accordingly obeisant : esteem::embrace : affection 鞠躬 : 尊敬 ::拥抱 : 爱 esteem:idolatrize:: favor:bribe 尊敬:盲目崇拜 ::赠与:行贿 (程度褒贬类比) infuriate: rage:: commend: esteem {scrounge: possession} 激怒 :大怒 ::称赞:尊敬 (同义) stigma <>mark of esteem 耻辱 <> 身份的象征 odium <> esteem 憎恶 <> 尊重 Synonyms REGARD, RESPECT, ADMIRE evanescent adj.短暂的,瞬息的 tending to vanish like vapor evanescent : permanence :: archaic : currency 短暂的:永恒::古老的:目前 (事物及其反面特征) evanescent : disappear :: pliant : yield 短暂的:消失::顺从的:屈服 (容易关系) evanescent: vanish::?? 短暂的:消失:?? abiding <> evanescent 持久的 <> 短暂的 Synonyms TRANSIENT, TRANSITORY, EPHEMERAL, MOMENTARY, FUGITIVE, FLEETING evoke vt. 唤起,引起 to call forth or up evoke : hot-headed::?? 唤起 :卤莽的 :: ?? evoke <> fail to elicit 引起 <> 得不出 Synonyms EDUCE, ELICIT, EXTRACT, EXTORT facilitate vt. 帮助,使容易,促进 to make easier : help bring about facile::profound ::?? 易做到的 : 深刻的 ::?? facilitate <> impeding 帮助 <> 阻挠 obstruct <> facilitate 阻碍 <> 帮助 hamper<> facilitate 妨碍 <> 帮助 arduous <>facile 费劲的 <> 易做到的 facile<>profound 易做到的 <>造诣深的 fastidious adj.难取悦的,挑剔的 showing or demanding excessive delicacy or care devoted : zealous :: careful : fastidious 献身的:热情的::仔细的:挑剔的 (同义??) dapper : fastidious::?? 谨小慎微的:挑剔的 :: (前者难以被后者??) fastidious: outshine:: recalcitrant: resist 挑剔的 :胜过 :: 反抗的 :抵抗 (人物个性及其特征行为) fastidious <> coarse 苛求的 <> 粗糙的 fastidious <> easygoing/cursory/uncritical 苛求的 <> 懒散的 / 草率的 / 不严厉的 Synonyms NICE 1, dainty, finical, finicking, finicky, fussy, particular, pernickety, persnickety, squeamish finch n.[动]雀类(如燕雀,金翅雀等) any of numerous songbirds (especially families Fringillidae, Estrildidae, and Emberizidae) having a short stout usually conical bill adapted for crushing seeds finch: bird:: arboretum: tree 雀类:鸟 :: 植物园 :树木 (个体与群体) 区别:flinch :畏缩, 退缩 fingerprint: identity:: symptom: disease ford n.浅滩,可涉水而过的地方河等水体的浅处 A shallow place in a body of water, such as a river, where one can cross by walking or riding on an animal or in a vehicle ford : river :: pass : mountain{ shore: lake } 浅滩 : 河流 ::隘口:山 (通过前者穿过后者)【注:pass :A way, such as a narrow gap between mountains, that affords passage around, over, or through a barrier.】 forest: trees:: fur : hairs foreword : introduce::?? porcelain n.瓷,瓷器 a hard, fine-grained, sonorous, nonporous, and usually translucent and white ceramic ware that consists essentially of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar and is fired at high temperatures clay : porcelain :: flax : linen 粘土:瓷器::亚麻:亚麻布 (原料构成) glaze : porcelain :: varnish : wood 釉 :瓷器 ::表面清漆 :木材 (表面妆饰物质) glaze: porcelain:: veneer: furniture 釉:瓷器::饰面 :家具 (表面妆饰物质) aesthetic n. 美学 a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste and with the creation and appreciation of beauty aesthetics : beauty :: epistemology : knowledge 美学 : 美 :: 知识起源学 : 知识(学科及其研究对象) gourmet:food::aesthetic:art 美食家:食物 ::美学:艺术 (研究对象) gregarious adj. 群居的,爱社交的 tending to associate with others of one's kind : SOCIAL poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness 装模作样的人: 真 诚:: 遁 世 者:爱社交的 人(反面特征) gregarious:reserved::?? 爱社交的 :保守的 ::??(反义) gregarious <> aloof 爱社交的<>疏远的 Synonyms SOCIAL 2, sociable
grotto n.小洞穴, 岩穴, 人工洞室 A small cave or cavern grotto: cavern :: arroyo: channel 小洞穴:巨洞 ::小河 :海峡 (小与大) hamstring vt. 切断腿筋使成跛腿,使残废 to make ineffective or powerless : CRIPPLE hamstring :: effectiveness ::?? 使残废 ::有效率 ::?? (消除) deliberate adj.深思熟虑的;审慎的 to think about or discuss issues and decisions carefully apophasis : claim:: caprice :deliberate 故抑其词,以求婉达 :直接要求 ::善变 :深思熟虑的 (行为及其反面特征) headlong:deliberation ::?? 轻率的 :谨慎 ::?? (名词与形容词的反义关系) hasty <> characterized by deliberation 草率的 <> 审慎的 hasty <> deliberate 草率的 <>深思熟虑的 impetuous <> deliberate 冲动的 <>审慎的 Synonyms : advised, aforethought, considered, designed, premeditated, prepense, studied, studious, thought-out elegy n. 哀歌、挽歌 a song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation especially for one who is dead satire : ridicule :: elegy : sorrow 讽刺文学 :嘲弄 ::哀歌 :悲伤(文体及其作用的关系) elegiac : sorrow :: devotional : reverence 挽歌的:悲伤::虔诚的:尊敬(形容词与名词的正面关系) hymn: praise ::elegy : sorrow 赞歌:赞美::挽歌 :悲伤 (事物及其表达的含义) paean:song :: elegy:poem 赞美歌 :歌 ::挽诗 :诗 (种属) impostor n.冒名顶替者 one that assumes false identity or title for the purpose of deception impostor : identity ::usurper:authorization {barbarian : property } 冒名顶替者 :身份 ::篡位者 :权利 ( 特征人物及其追求目标) incipient adj. 起初的,发端的,初期的 beginning to come into being or to become apparent immature: developed :: incipient/inchoate: realized 不成熟的:成熟的::开始的:完成的(反义关系) incipient: realized:: tangible: indefinite 开始的:完成的 :: 切实的 :不确定的 incipient<>full-blown / full realized 初期的 <> 成熟的 / 完全实现的 Synonyms INITIAL 1, beginning, inceptive, initiative, initiatory, introductory, nascent indulgent adj. 纵容的,任性的,放纵的 indulging or characterized by indulgence; especially :LENIENT abstemious:indulge::austere:decorate 节制的:放纵的::朴素的:装饰(形容词的反面关系) glutton:overindulgence::ascetic:self denial 暴食:放纵::禁欲:自我约束(人和其正面特征) indulge :adherent ::slovenly: dapper 放纵:信徒 ::不修边幅的:衣冠楚楚的 (反义)【注:对应不工整,词性不符】 spartan<>sybaritic/indulgent/voluptuous/luxurious 节俭<>放纵的/放纵的/好酒色的/豪华,放纵的 draconian<>indulgent/mild 严肃<>放纵 martinet<>indulgent person 严守纪律者<>放纵的人 indulgent<>ascetic 放纵<>自我约束 pertinacious adj. 顽固的 stubbornly unyielding or tenacious inexperience:green:: pertinacity:refractory 无经验:无经验的::顽固 :难控制的 (形容词与名词的同义关系) pertinacious <> tractable 执拗的 <>易于管教的 pertinacity <> vacillation 顽固 <>游移不定 Synonyms OBSTINATE, bullheaded, headstrong, mulish, perverse, refractory, self-willed, stubborn, willful, unyielding flexible adj. 易曲的,灵活的,可通融的,能变形的,柔软的 capable of being flexed : PLIANT adamant : flexibility :: refractory : control 坚硬的:弹性::不听话的:控制 (前者缺乏后者) limber : flexibility :: spindly : frailty 柔软的:适应性::细长的:脆弱 (正面特征) static : move :: pliable : inflexible 静态的:移动::柔软的:顽固的 (反面特征) inflexible : alternate :: ?? 顽固的 :改变 ::?? calcification<>flexibility 不屈的:柔软的 flexible<>mulish 柔软的:固执的 CF:flexibility(noun) flexibly(adv) Synonyms:elastic, resilient, springy, stretch, stretchy, supple, whippy infuriate vt.激怒 To make furious; enrage infuriate: rage:: commend: esteem {scrounge: possession} 激怒 :大怒 ::称赞:尊敬 (同义) Synonyms ANGER 1, enrage, incense, ire, mad, madden, steam up, umbrage pedant n. 炫学者,自夸学者的人,空谈家;学究式人物 one who makes a show of knowledge martinet : discipline :: pedant : learning 严格的人:纪律::学究:学习 (人物和动作特征) mawkish / maudlin : sentiment :: pedantic : scholarship 感情脆弱的 :多愁善感 ::书生气的:学识 (人物具有的特征) scholarly : pedantic :: modest : prudish 儒雅的 :书呆的 ::谦虚的:假装正经 (褒贬程度类比) moralistic : principled :: pedantic : learned 道学的:有原则的::学究式的:有学问的(褒贬对比) insightful:pedant ::?? 有深刻见解的 :学究人物 (人物及其特征) allude vi. 暗示,间接提到 to make indirect reference; broadly : REFER intimate: communicate:: allude:refer 暗示 :通信 ::暗指 :提及(行为及其特殊方式) allude <> mention explicitly 暗示,暗指<> 明白的提及 Synonyms REFER , advert, bring up, point (out) intimidate vt. 威胁,恐吓,胁迫 to make timid or fearful:FRIGHTEN; especially :to compel or deter by or as if by threats sycophant:flattery::extortionist:intimidation 奉承者:奉承::敲诈勒索者:恐吓(人物及其特征动作) dauntless :intimidate ::irrepressible:restrain 大胆的 : 使害怕 ::抑制不住的 :抑制 (人物特征及其反面被动行为) bully:intimidate::stupid:gullibility 欺凌弱小者 :威吓 :: 笨人 :轻信 (人物及其特征行为) intimidate:trepidation :: ?? 威吓 :颤抖 ::?? (行为及其结果) sabotage:subvertness:: bull:intimidation { dupe:duplicity } 阴谋破坏 :颠覆 ::暴力强迫 :胁迫 (行为及其目标) Synonyms bludgeon, bluster, ||bounce, browbeat, bulldoze, bully, bullyrag, cow, dragoon, hector, ||ruffle, strong-arm, terrorize irascible adj. 易发怒的.(ire) marked by hot temper and easily provoked anger irascible: placate:: insensate: conscious 易怒的 :安抚 ::没感觉:有意识的 (反义) 【注:词性不符】 affable <> irascible 和蔼的 <> 易怒的 Synonyms choleric, cranky, cross, hot-tempered, ireful, passionate, peppery, quick-tempered, ratty, ||stomachy, temperish, testy, tetchy, touchy; compare CANTANKEROUS, IRRITABLE 区别:erasable(可擦去的) lettered : education :: mature : growth leverage n. 优势,力量位置上的优势;有效的行动 positional advantage; power to act effectively: leverage :advantage ::?? 力量位置上的优势:优势 ::??(种属) distillation n. 蒸馏 the process of purifying a liquid by successive evaporation and condensation synopsis : conciseness :: distillate : purity 大纲,概要: 简明,简洁:: 蒸馏液;馏出物:纯度 (物极其特点) distill:purity::leaven:volume 蒸馏;精炼: 纯度:: 使膨胀:体积(动作极其目的) liquefy: fluid:: distill: pure 使液化 :流动的::蒸馏 :纯净的 (加工方式及其结果) reptile n.爬虫动物, 卑鄙的人 Any of various cold-blooded, usually egg-laying vertebrates of the class Reptilia, such as a snake, lizard, crocodile, turtle, or dinosaur, having an external covering of scales or horny plates and breathing by means of lungs. lizard: reptile:: orange: fruit 蜥蜴:爬行动物:橘子:水果 (种属) enthusiasm n. 狂热,热心 a : strong excitement of feeling : ARDOR b : something inspiring zeal or fervor ennui : enthusiastic :: fervor : apathetic 倦怠 : 热心的 ::热情 : 冷漠的(名词和形容词的反面关系) ennui : enthusiastic :: somnolence : alert 倦怠 :热心的 :困倦的状态 : 警惕的 (名词和形容词的反面关系) enthusiasm : mania :: suspicion : paranoia 热心 :狂热 ::怀疑 :偏执狂(名词的程度比较) reverence : respect :: avidity : enthusiasm 崇敬 :尊敬 ::热望 :热心(名词的程度比较) madness: enthusiasm::?? 疯狂 :狂热::?? ennui <> energy / enthusiasm 倦怠<>活力/热心 halfhearted <> enthusiastic 不热心的 <>狂热的 Synonyms : PASSION , ardor, fervor, fire, hurrah, zeal analysis n. 分析 separation of a whole into its component parts measure: dimension ::analyze:nature 测量 :尺寸 ::分析 :自如状态 (行为及其对象) synthesis <> analysis 综合<>分析 Synonyms breakdown, breakup, dissection, resolution meliorism n.世界改良论 The belief that society has an innate tendency toward improvement and that this tendency may be furthered through conscious human effort. meliorism : progress::?? 世界改良论:进步::?? curriculum n.课程,一组相关的专业课程 A group of related courses, often in a special field of study: menu:dish:: curriculum:course 菜单 :盘装菜::一组课程:课程 (事物个体及其全部安排) meteoric adj. 流星的,昙花一现的 resembling a meteor in speed or in sudden and temporary brilliance fleeting:pass::meteoric:rise 飞逝 : 经过 ::流星的 : 上升 (种属) 对应不工整 meteoric:constancy::archaic:currency 昙花一现的 : 恒久不变 ::古老的 :流通 (形容词与名词的反面特征) meteoric <> plodding 疾速的 <> 沉重缓慢的 misanthrope n.厌恶人类的人, 不愿与人来往者 a person who hates or distrusts mankind misanthrope : humane :: ascetic : voluptuary 厌恶人类的人:仁慈的 ::苦行者 :耽于酒色的(人物及其反面特征) sagacious adj.聪明的,睿智的 of keen and farsighted penetration and judgment : DISCERNING prudence : daredevil :: sagacity : simpleton ::turncoat : constancy 谨慎:大胆::聪明:傻子::变化:不变(缺乏关系) miser: stingy :: sage: judicious 吝啬鬼:小气::贤人:明智的 (人物及其正面特征) sagacious <> without wisdom /puerile / folly /fatuous 睿智<>没有机智/幼稚的/愚蠢/笨拙的 Synonyms WISE, discerning, insighted , perceptive, sophic;SHREWD ragtime n.拉格泰姆音乐 adj.使人发笑的, 滑稽的 rhythm characterized by strong syncopation in the melody with a regularly accented accompaniment music:ragtime::?? 音乐:拉格泰姆音乐 ::??(种属) neutralize v.使无效平衡或消除…作用;致使无效 to counteract the activity or effect of : make ineffective neutralize:effectiveness::?? 使无效 :效力 ::?? (行为及其消除对象) Synonyms annul, cancel (out), counteract, countercheck, frustrate, negate, negative, redress nomad n.游牧部落的人, 流浪者, 游牧民 a member of a people who have no fixed residence but move from place to place usually seasonally and within a well-defined territory nomad:domicile:: freelancer:employer 游牧民:住所::自由作家 :老板 (缺乏关系) oxymoron n. 矛盾修饰法 a combination of contradictory or incongruous words apophasis : claim :: oxymoron : paradox 委婉表述:表述::矛盾修饰法:矛盾 (特殊与一般) equivocation: ambiguous:: oxymoron: incongruous 模棱两可的话:暧昧的::矛盾修饰法:不调和的 (事物及其正面特征) oxymoron:contradictory::mishap:catastrophic 矛盾修饰法:矛盾的::不幸:灾难的(正面特征) pachyderm n.厚皮类动物, 迟钝的人 any of various nonruminant hoofed mammals (as an elephant, a rhinoceros, or a pig) most of which have a thick skin pachyderm: animal:: ant: insect 厚皮类动物 :动物 ::蚂蚁 :昆虫 (种属) paean n. 欢乐歌,赞美歌 a joyous song or hymn of praise, tribute, thanksgiving, or triumph; broadly paean:song :: elegy:poem 赞美歌 :歌 ::挽诗 :诗 (种属) paean<>harshly lampoon 赞歌<>讽刺文章 Synonyms: ENCOMIUM, TRIBUTE paltry adj.无价值的,微不足道的 practically worthless; trifling; insignificant; contemptible; petty paltry: significance::?? 微不足道的 :重要::?? paltry <> significant / important 微不足道的<>意义非凡的/重要的 Synonyms: INFERIOR, TRASHY,TRIVIAL pelf n. 金钱财物尤指以欺诈行为而得到的金钱和财富 Wealth or riches, especially when dishonestly acquired pelf :impecunious :: experience: green 钱财:贫穷的:: 经验 :无经验的 penitent adj.悔过的 feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or sorrow for sins or offenses : REPENTANT penitent:contrition::?? 悔过的 :悔悟 ::?? impenitent < > contrite 不悔悟的 <> 后悔的 Synonyms REMORSEFUL, apologetic, attritional, compunctious, contrite, penitential, regretful, repentant, sorry perturb vt.使担忧 to disturb greatly in mind : DISQUIET impassive:perturb::voracious:satisfy 冷漠的 :让人担忧::贪婪的 :满意 (缺乏) stoic : perturb :: avaricious : satisfy 坚韧自制的 :扰乱::贪婪的 :满意 (人物个性及其反面被动行为) perturb:serenity:: reassure:doubt 扰乱 :平静 ::使安心:疑虑(消除) pittance n. 配给的食物,施舍少量的钱,少量 a small portion, amount, or allowance; also : a meager wage or remuneration pittance :money ::?? 施舍少量的钱 : 钱::?? pittance:allowance:: rivulet:stream 少量供应 :定量供应 ::小溪:溪流 (小与正常) cornucopia <> lack /pittance 富饶 <>缺乏 /少量 portentous adj. 前兆的,不吉的,自大的,奇怪的 eliciting amazement or wonder : PRODIGIOUS portentous:amaze::?? 奇怪的 :使吃惊 ::?? portentous <>regular 奇怪的 <> 规则的 pristine adj. 原来的,古时的,原始的,纯净的,无垢的 not spoiled, corrupted, or polluted (as by civilization) : PURE pristine : decay :: stable : fluctuation 未被文明腐蚀的 : 腐烂 :: 稳定的 : 波动 (反面关系) pristine:blemish::?? 质朴的 :腐朽 ::?? squalid <> pristine 肮脏的 <> 纯洁的 pristine <> taint 无垢的 <> 污点 Synonyms : original, pure pun n.双关语 the usually humorous use of a word in such a way as to suggest two or more of its meanings or the meaning of another word similar in sound pun: joke:: supernova: star 双关语 :玩笑 :超新星 :恒星 (种属) Synonyms calembour, paronomasia recluse n. 隐遁者,遁世者 a person who leads a secluded or solitary life poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness 装模作样的人 : 真诚 :: 隐遁者 : 群居性 (缺乏) recluse : communicate::?? 隐遁者 : 沟通 ::?? (反面特征) roisterer : carouse :: recluse : withdraw 闹饮者 : 痛饮 :: 隐遁着 : 隐退 (正面动作) turncoat : consistency :: recluse : compassion 背叛着 : 一致性 :: 隐遁着 : 同情 (缺乏) recluse : banquet :: ?? 遁世者 :盛宴 ::?? reportage:journalist::?? ripen:mature roster n.值勤表,花名册 a roll or list of personnel roster : personnel :: slate : candidate 花名册:人员:: 候选人名单: 候选人 (个体与集合关系) roster : staff :: obituary : death 花名册:职员 :: 讣告 :死亡 (事物及其记录内容) obituary n.讣告 a notice of a person's death usually with a short biographical account roster : staff :: obituary : death 花名册:职员 :: 讣告 :死亡 (事物及其记录内容) sabotage vt. 妨害,破坏 destructive or obstructive action carried on by a civilian or enemy agent to hinder a nation's war effort saboteur : disrupt :: apologist : defend 破坏者:分裂::辩解者:防护(关系:人和其性格特点的正面关系) sabotage:subvertness:: bull:intimidation { dupe:duplicity } 阴谋破坏 :颠覆::暴力强迫 :胁迫 (行为及其目标) SYNONYM:SABOTAGE, undermining, wreckage, wrecking subvert vt.推翻, 暗中破坏, 搅乱 to overturn or overthrow from the foundation : RUIN sabotage:subvertness:: bull:intimidation { dupe:duplicity } 阴谋破坏 :颠覆 ::暴力强迫 :胁迫 (行为及其目标) Synonyms SABOTAGE, undermine, wreck innocuous adj.(行为,言论等)无害的 not likely to give offense or to arouse strong feelings or hostility:INOFFENSIVE, INSIPID placebo:innocuous::salve:unctuous{venom:toxious} 宽心剂:无害的::油膏:油质的{毒液:有毒的}(事物及其正面特征) noxious<>wholesome/sanitary/innocuous 有毒的<>有益的/卫生的/无害的 Synonyms HARMLESS, innocent, innoxious, inobnoxious, inoffensive, unoffending, unoffensive semblance: dissimilairty::?? shard n.(陶瓷器、瓦等的) 破片,碎片 fragments of pottery vessels found on sites and in refuse deposits where pottery-making peoples have lived shard:pottery:: fragment:bone::bread:crumg 破片:陶瓷::碎骨:骨头::面包:面包屑(整体与碎片) ceramic n.陶瓷制品adj.陶器的 a product of ceramic manufacture shard: ceramic:: crumb: cake 碎片 :陶瓷制品::碎屑:蛋糕 (事物及其破碎状态) leer vi.送秋波, 斜视 to cast a sidelong glance stare:leer::peruse:smattering 凝视 :斜视 ::精读 :略知 (反义) stature n.身高, 身材, (精神、道德等的)高度 natural height (as of a person) in an upright position stature : tall :: sound : loud 身高:高的::声音 :响的 (事物及其修饰) surrogate n. 代理,代理人,代用品 to put in the place of another: a : to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself b : SUBSTITUTE surrogate : indirect::?? 代用品 :间接的 ::?? CF: subrogate (vt. 使<某人>代替 / 取代他人) 区别: rogation (n. 法律草案,祈祷,祷告) Synonyms: SUBSTITUTE, alternate, backup, replacement tag n.标签, 鞋带、绳子等末端的金属物, 垂下物, 附属物, 名称, 标记符, 陈词滥调, 结束语 a cardboard, plastic, or metal marker used for identification or classification tag: identify::?? 标签 : 识别 ::??(事物及其作用) tenacious adj. 固执的,不屈不挠的,抓住不放的 persistent in maintaining or adhering to something valued or habitual beneficent : harm :: tenacious : yield 有益的 : 伤害 :: 不屈不挠的 : 屈服(形容词和名词的反面关系) temperate : restrain :: tenacious : persist 节制的 : 节制 :: 固执的 : 坚持(形容词与动词的正面关系) tenacious : yield :: insouciant : worry 不屈不挠的 : 屈服 ::无忧无虑的 :担忧(人物个性特征及其反面行为) tenacious<>negotiable 固执的 <> 可商量的 Synonyms STRONG , stalwart, stout, sturdy, tough aspect n.样子, 外表, 面貌, (问题等的)方面 a position facing a particular direction : EXPOSURE transfigure: aspect:: transfer: location {transfix : attention} 使变形:样子::转移 :位置 {使呆住:注意力} (行为及其作用对象) Synonyms APPEARANCE 1, look, mien, seeming treasurer n.司库, 财务员, 出纳员 an officer entrusted with the receipt, care, and disbursement of funds treasurer : funds :: secretary : records 财务员 :资金 ::书记 :记录 (职务及其管理对象) trespass vi. 侵夺,犯罪,冒犯,打扰 ,侵入 to enter unlawfully upon the land of another trespass : enter :: ?? 侵入 :进入 ::?? trespass <> undo 侵犯 <> 解开 trespass <>without to intrude 侵犯 <> 不侵犯 truss n.(干草的)一捆, 一束, 构架,托架 A rigid framework, as of wooden beams or metal bars, designed to support a structure, such as a roof. ballast:stability:: truss:support 压舱物:稳定性::托架 :支持作用 (物品及其增强对象) unruly adj. 难控制的,无法无天的,任性的 not readily ruled, disciplined, or managed presumptuous : unruly unruly: authority :: refractory : change 不受拘束的:权威 ::难控制的 :改变 subdued <> unruly 屈服的 <> 难控制的 unruly <> disciplined 难控制的 <> 遵守纪律的 Synonyms fractious, indocile, indomitable, intractable, recalcitrant, uncontrollable, undisciplinable, undisciplined, ungovernable, unmanageable, untoward, wild vernacular n. 本国语;本地话,方言 The standard native language of a country or locality vernacular: place:: jargon: profession 方言 :地方 :: 行话 :行业 (特殊事物及其所属范围) Synonyms colloquial, vulgar, vulgate waffle vi. 闲聊,胡扯 to talk or write foolishly : BLATHER waffle:enunciate::embed:disinter 胡扯 :清晰阐明 :: 嵌入 : 掘出 (反义) waffle <>speak unequivocally 胡扯 <> 表述清晰的 Synonyms BABBLE 2, blabber, blather, drivel, drool, gabble, prate, prattle, twaddle banquet n. 盛宴丰盛、豪华的筵席 a sumptuous feast; especially : an elaborate and often ceremonious meal for numerous people often in honor of a person writer : novel :: chef : banquet 作家 :小说 ::厨师 :盛宴 (职业及其工作对象) recluse : banquet :: ?? 遁世者 :盛宴 ::?? yawn v.打呵欠, 张开, 裂开 to open the mouth wide usually as an involuntary reaction to fatigue or boredom yawn : sleepiness :: blush : embarrassment 打呵欠 : 想睡 :: 脸红 : 困窘 (自发行为及其所表达的含义)
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 …………………………………………………………………………….. 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 accolade n. 推崇备至,赞扬 an expression of praise accolade <> cutting remark 称赞 <> 苛评 accolade <> speak ill / derogate 称赞 <> 挑毛病 / 减损 accolade <> disapprobation 赞赏<>不赞成 accolade <> criticism 极力赞扬 <> 批评,评论 accolade <> excoriate 极力赞扬 <> 严厉的责难 accolade <> reprobate / reproof 极力赞扬 <>斥责/谴责 accolade <> denigration 极力赞扬 <> 毁誉 accolade <> swearword 极力赞扬 <> 咒骂 Synonyms HONOR , award, badge, bays, decoration, distinction, kudos, laurels acerbity n.涩, 酸, 刻薄 Sourness of taste, character, or tone. acerbity <> saccharin 酸 <> 糖精 Synonyms ACRIMONY, asperity, mordancy adherent n.信徒, 追随者, 拥护者 one that adheres: as a : a follower of a leader, party, or profession b : a believer in or advocate especially of a particular idea or church adherent <> forerunner 追随者 <> 先行者 Synonyms FOLLOWER, cohort, disciple, henchman, partisan, satellite, sectary, sectator, supporter align v.定位,排成一行,结盟 to bring into line or alignment aligned <> improperly adjusted 调整 <> 调整不当 aligned <> irregular / {curved }/ askew 排一线的 <>不规则的 / 歪斜的 aligned <> warped 排一线的 <> 弯曲的 Synonyms LINE 1, allineate, line up, range anemic adj.贫血的, 患贫血症的 lacking force, vitality, or spirit anemic <> strong / hale 贫血的 <> 强壮的 / 健康的 Synonyms PALE 2, bloodless, pallid, waterish, watery animus n.敌意, 意图 a usually prejudiced and often spiteful or malevolent ill will animus <> friendly 敌意 <> 友好的 【注:词性不符】 Synonyms ENMITY, animosity, antagonism, antipathy, hostility, rancor assuage vt. 缓和,减轻,镇定 to lessen the intensity of (something that pains or distresses) : EASE assuage : sorrow :: dampen : ardor 抚慰,缓和:悲伤::泼凉水:热情 (减少关系) gall<>calm / assuage 使生气<>安抚 assuage/subdue<>inflame 缓和/抑制<>激怒,使燃烧 assuage <> intensify 缓和<> 加强 Synonyms: relieve, alleviate, lighten, assuage, mitigate, allay auspicious adj.吉兆的;幸运的 affording a favorable auspice : PROPITIOUS auspicious<>boding ill 吉兆的 <> 不吉祥的 auspicious <>untoward 吉兆的 <> 不幸的 auspicious<>unfavorable 吉兆的 <> 不宜的 inauspicious<>propitious 不吉利的 <> 吉利的 Synonyms: favorable, benign, bright, dexter, fortunate, propitious CF:auspices(n.资助,赞助) avulse vt.(由于意外的事故或通过外科手术)把(身体的一部分)撕脱, 抽出 to separate, cut, or tear off by avulsion avulse<> link 撕脱 <> 连接 avulse <> suture 撕脱 <> 缝合 backhanded adj.反手拍击的, 间接的 INDIRECT, DEVIOUS; especially : SARCASTIC backhanded <> forthright 间接的 <> 直接的 bait n. 饵;引诱物 v. 使生气,欺负 ENTICE, LURE to attack in speech or writing as by derision or insult; to gall or exasperate by repeated wanton attacks bait<>disarm 使生气 <> 赢得…的好感;把…争取过来 bait <> mollify 使生气 <> 平息 Synonyms: MOLEST, heckle, persecute, torment
baleful adj. 邪恶的,恶意的,有害的 deadly or pernicious in influence baneful <> salubrious 有害的 <> 有益健康的 bale<>mirth 悲哀 <> 高兴 Synonyms: sinister, malefic, maleficent, malign barbarian adj.野蛮的, 粗鲁的 lacking refinement, learning, or artistic or literary culture barbarize <> civilize 野蛮化 <> 教化 Synonyms barbaric, barbarous, Gothic, Hunnic, Hunnish, rude, savage, uncivil, uncivilized, uncultivated, wild barbarous adj.野蛮的, 残暴的, 粗野的, (声音)刺耳的, 沙哑的 mercilessly harsh or cruel barbarous<>quiescent 刺耳的 <> 安静的 base adj. 卑鄙的,低级的 n. 底层 being of comparatively low value and having relatively inferior properties debase : value :: attenuate : force 贬低:价值::削弱:力量 (动宾关系) base<>virtuous 卑鄙的<>品德高尚 base<>noble 底层社会<>贵族 sublime<>base / common 崇高的<>低级的/平凡 base <> patrician 底层社会 <> 贵族 Synonyms: low, vile CF: abase(v.贬抑,使卑下) debase(v.贬低,贬损) belligerence n. 交战,好战性,斗争性 an aggressive or truculent attitude, atmosphere, or disposition obsequious:servile::belligerent:assertive 谄媚的 : 卑曲的::好战的:攻击性的 (同义) belligerent <> peaceful 好战的 <> 爱好和平的 Synonyms: ATTACK , aggression, aggressiveness, combativeness, fight, pugnacity benign adj.(病)良性的, (气候)良好的, 仁慈的, 和蔼的 a : showing kindness and gentleness b : FAVORABLE, WHOLESOME benign<> ?? Synonyms FAVORABLE 5, auspicious, bright, dexter, fortunate, propitious, white boundless <> limited assert vt. 主张,声明,断言 to state or declare positively and often forcefully or aggressively calumny: assertion :: perjury : testimony 诽谤 :断言 ::伪证 :证言 (行为及其特殊化形式(假的)) obsequious:servile::belligerent:assertive 谄媚的 : 卑曲的::好战的 :;过分自信的 (同义) brassy <> unassertive 厚脸皮的 <>谦逊的 Synonyms affirm, aver, avouch, avow, constate, declare, depose, predicate, profess, protest bromide n. 溴化物(镇静药用),平庸的人或物 a commonplace or hackneyed statement or notion equivocation : misleading :: bromide : hackneyed 模棱两可的话 :易引起误解的 ::平庸的人或物 :不新奇的 (事物及其正面特征) bromide <> unhackneyed 平庸的人或物 <> 新奇的 【注:词性不符】 Synonyms COMMONPLACE, banality, platitude, rubber stamp, shibboleth, tag, truism callous adj.无情的, 冷淡的, 硬结的, 起老茧的 a : feeling no emotion b : feeling no sympathy for others callous : impassive :: dupe : duplicity 冷淡的:冷漠的 :: 欺骗 :不诚实 (同义) callous<>sympathetic 无情冷淡的<>有同情心的 Synonyms UNFEELING 2, coldhearted, hardhearted, heartless, obdurate, stony, stonyhearted, uncompassionate, unemotional, unsympathetic camaraderie n.同志之爱, 友情 a spirit of friendly good-fellowship camaraderie <> enmity 友情 <> 敌意 Synonyms comradery, good-fellowship certitude n.确实, 确信 the state of being or feeling certain certitude <> obscurity 确实 <> 含糊 Synonyms CERTAINTY, assurance, assuredness, confidence, conviction, sureness, surety chaotic adj.混乱的, 无秩序的 a : a state of utter confusion b : a confused mass or mixture chaotic <>strictly structured 无秩序的 <> 构造严谨的 chary adj.仔细的, 谨慎的, 吝啬的 discreetly cautious: as a : hesitant and vigilant about dangers and risks b : slow to grant, accept, or expend chary <> rash 谨慎的 <> 卤莽的 Synonyms CAUTIOUS, calculating, careful, circumspect, considerate, discreet, gingerly, guarded, safe, wary circumlocutory adj. 委婉曲折的,迂回的 the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea circumlocutory <> direct encounter 迂回的<>直接面对 circumlocution <> pithy utters / utter concisely / straightforword utter 累赘的话 <> 简练的话 circumlocutory <> straightforward 迂回的 <> 直接的 coda n. 终结句,乐章结尾部,完结部 a concluding musical section that is formally distinct from the main structure dessert : meal :: epilogue : play :: coda : sonata 餐后甜点:餐食::收场白:戏剧::乐章结尾:奏鸣曲 (事物及其结束部分关系) coda <> overture 乐章结尾 <> 前奏 confluence n.汇合 a coming or flowing together, meeting, or gathering at one point confluence <> divergence 汇合 <> 分歧 Synonyms CONCOURSE, concursion, gathering, junction, meeting unwitting adj.不知情的 not knowing : UNAWARE conscious <> unwitting 有意识的 <> 不知情的 Synonyms IGNORANT 2, incognizant, inconversant, oblivious, unacquainted, unaware, unfamiliar, uninformed, uninstructed, unknowing conservative adj.保守的 n.保守的人 tending or disposed to maintain existing views, conditions, or institutions : TRADITIONAL bigoted : advice :: conservative : change 固执己见的:忠告::保守的:变化 (形容词与动词的反面关系) contumacious : authority :: reactionary / hidebound / conservative : change / innovation / novelty 顽固的:权威::反动的/死板的/保守的:变化/创新/创新 (事物及其发面特征) hidebound : conservative :: peeved : annoyed 死板的 : 保守的 :: 气恼的 ::苦恼的 (同义词) conserve<> exhaust 保存 <> 耗尽 Synonyms :reactionary , conserving consolidate vt. 巩固,使联合,统一 to join together into one whole : UNITE consolidation <> fragmentation 统一 <> 分裂 consolidate <> dissolve 使联合 <> 解散 Synonyms :combine, solidify, condense, merge, unite 区别:solidarity (n. 团结,团结一致,共同一致) contentious adj. 好辩的,喜争吵的 exhibiting an often perverse and wearisome tendency to quarrels and disputes meddlesome:pry::contentious:argue 多管闲事的 : 探察 :: 好争吵的: 争吵 (人物个性及其特征行为) contentious <>conciliatory 喜争吵的 <> 安抚的 contention<>general agreement 争论 <> 一致同意 Synonyms :argumentative , loquacious, belligerent conversant adj.亲近的, 有交情的, 熟悉的 having frequent or familiar association conversant<> unfamiliarity 熟悉的 <> 不熟悉 【注:词性不符】 Synonyms FAMILIAR , abreast, acquainted, au courant, au fait, informed, up, versant, versed convex adj.表面弯曲如球的外侧, 凸起的 curved or rounded like the exterior of a sphere convex <> dent 凸起 <> 凹陷 impede v. 妨碍,阻碍 to interfere with or slow the progress of blandishment : cajole :: obstacle : impede 甜言蜜语:哄骗::障碍:阻止(目的关系) abet <> thwart / impede 教唆,支持<>阻碍/阻止 facilitate <> impeding 促进<>阻止 impede<>promote / foment 阻碍 <> 促进/ 煽动 cultivate<> impede { decline } 促长 <> 阻止 { 衰败} 【注:此题争议较大】 nurture<>impede 抚育 <> 阻止 Synonyms HINDER, bar, block, brake, dam, obstruct, overslaugh scorch v.烧焦, 枯萎 to dry or shrivel with or as if with intense heat : PARCH dampen<>scorch 使潮湿 <> 烧焦 Synonyms BURN 3, bake, broil, cook, melt, roast, swelter deification n.祀为神, 神格化, 奉若神明 The act or process of deifying deification <> debasement 神化 <> 贬低 Synonyms APOTHEOSIS 2, aggrandizement, dignification, exaltation, glorification deject vt. 使沮丧,使灰心 to make gloomy mollify : anger :: hearten : dejection 平息 : 生气 :: 激励: 使沮丧 ( 行为及其消除对象) dejected <> exultant 沮丧的 <>欢跃的 deject<>gladden 使沮丧 <> 使高兴 Synonyms : DISCOURAGE, chill, demoralize, dishearten, disparage, dispirit deprecate vt. 声明不赞成,抨击,反对 BELITTLE, DISPARAGE deprecate : value :: restrict : diameter 反对 : 价值 :: 限定 : 直径 ( 行为及其作用消除对象) depreciation : value :: ossification : flexible 贬值 : 价值 :: 僵化 : 灵活 (( 行为及其作用消除对象) deprecate <> extol 抨击 <>赞美 vaunt<> deprecate 自夸 <>反对 deprecate<>endorse 反对 <> 赞成 Synonyms : DISAPPROVE, discommend, discountenance, disesteem, disfavor, frown, object detain v.拘留, 留住, 阻止 to hold or keep in or as if in custody detain <> manumit 拘留 <> 释放 Synonyms ARREST 2, apprehend, ||bust, nab, pick up, pinch, pull in, run in conciliate v. 安抚,调和 APPEASE : to cause to subside : ALLAY especially : to buy off (an aggressor) by concessions usually at the sacrifice of principles sop : conciliatory :: subsidy : supportive 安抚物:安抚的::补助金:支援性的 (下面特征关系) conciliate <> vex 安抚<>使恼怒 vex <>conciliation 恼怒<>安抚 contentious <>conciliatory 争吵的<>调和的 conciliate <> nettle 安抚 <> 激怒 discontent<>conciliate 不满的<>调和的 Synonyms PACIFY, appease, assuage, mollify, placate, propitiate, sweeten disengage vt. 使自由,解放,解开 to release from something that engages or involves disengage <> mesh 解开 <> 啮合 【注: mesh:to cause (as gears) to engage】 Synonyms DETACH, abstract, disassociate, disconnect, dissociate, uncouple, unfix sanction v.批准, 同意, 支持, 鼓励, 认可 to give effective or authoritative approval or consent to dismiss <> sanction 解职 <>认可 Synonyms PERMISSION, allowance, authorization, consent, leave, permit, sufferance analogy n. 类似,相似,类比,类推 a : resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike : SIMILARITY b : comparison based on such resemblance disparate <>analogous 不同的 <>类似的 Synonyms LIKENESS, affinity, alikeness, comparison, resemblance, semblance, similarity, simile, similitude dispassionate adj.冷静的, 不带感情的, 平心静气的 not influenced by strong feeling; especially : not affected by personal or emotional involvement dispassionate < > responsive 不动感情的<>反应迅速的 【对应不工整】 dispassionate<> partial 不动感情的<> 偏袒的 Synonyms NEUTRAL, abstract, colorless, detached, disinterested, impersonal, poker-faced, unpassioned conform vt.使遵守 vi.一致 to be similar or identical; also : to be in agreement or harmony incongruent : conform :: recalcitrant : obey 不协调的:使一致::反抗的:服从(形容词与动词的反面关系) heterodox: nonconformity:: authority: superiority 异教 : 不墨守成规 ::权威 : 优越 (人物及其正面特征) heretic : unconformity::apologist : defend 异教徒:不服从 :: 辩护者:辩护 (人物及其正面特征)【注:词性不符】 dissent<>conform 不同意 <> 使顺从 Synonyms :adapt , abide , comply , reconcile somber adj. 昏暗的,阴天的,阴森的,忧郁的 a : of a serious mien : GRAVE b : of a dismal or depressing character : MELANCHOLY c : conveying gloomy suggestions or ideas cherubic <>somber 活泼可爱的<>忧郁的 adulation <> somber affection 热烈的赞扬 <> 低沉的感情 droll <> somber 好笑的 <> 忧郁的 frivolous<>somber 轻佻的 <> 忧郁的 Synonyms: GLOOMY, melancholy 区别: sober(清醒的,稳重的,朴素的) ebullience n. 沸腾,热情,热情洋溢 the quality of lively or enthusiastic expression of thoughts or feelings : EXUBERANCE ebullience <> impassiveness 热情<>无感情 ebullience <> torpor 热情洋溢 <> 不活泼 ebullient <> torpid 热情的 <>麻痹的 ebullience<>lifelessness 热情洋溢 <> 无生气的 Synonyms : buoyancy, effervescence, exuberance, exuberancy effusive adj. 感情横溢的,流出的 characterized or formed by a nonexplosive outpouring of lava gush:effusive:: rage: irate 涌出 :流出的 ::愤怒 :发怒的(形容词和名词的正面关系) emotion: effusive:: liberty: licentious{ manner: grandious} 情感 :感情横溢的::随意 :放肆的{礼貌:壮丽地}(后者过分地表现了前者) effusive <> lack of emotion 感情横溢的 <> 无感情的 Synonyms: gushing, gushy, slobbering, slobbery, sloppy emancipate v. 解放,解除 to free from restraint, control, or the power of another; especially : to free from bondage emancipate <> shackle 释放<>束缚 emancipation <>bondage 释放<> 束缚 Synonyms : FREE, discharge, liberate, loose, loosen, manumit, release, unbind, unchain, unshackle revoke vt.撤回, 废除, 宣告无效 to annul by recalling or taking back : RESCIND empower <> revoke the authority 授权与 <> 废除权威 Synonyms dismantle, lift, recall, repeal, rescind, reverse 区别 :evoke:vt.唤起, 引起, 博得 clarity n. 清楚,透明 the quality or state of being clear : LUCIDITY ambiguous : clarity :: mendacious : truth 不明确的:清楚::虚假的:真实 (反面特征关系) consensus : factionalism :: clarity : confusion 一致同意:党派争执::清楚:混淆 (反义关系) equivocation : clarity :: prevarication : truth 含糊的话:清楚::搪塞的话:真实 (反面特征关系) equivocation : truth :: euphemism :offense/obfuscation clarity 含糊的话:真实::委婉的话:冒犯/困惑:清楚 (反面特征关系) misunderstood : clarify :: erroneous : retract 误会的:澄清:: 错误的:撤消 (消除关系) ramshackle : soundness :: garbled : clarity 摇摇欲坠的:坚固::混淆的:清楚 (反面特征关系) roil <>clarify/appease 激怒<>阐明/平息 obfuscate <>clarify 使模糊<>澄清 equivocation <>clarity 模棱两可 <> 清楚 muddy<>clarity 浑浊的 <> 清晰 【注:词性不符】 Synonyms clearness, limpidity, lucidity, perspicuity, plainness eulogize vt. 称赞,颂扬 to speak or write in high praise of : EXTOL encomiast : eulogize :: quibbler : cavil 阿谀者:称赞::吹毛求疵者:挑剔 (人及其主要动作) panegyric : eulogize :: lampoon : satirize 颂词:称赞::讽刺文:讽刺 (事物及其正面特征) eulogy : speak::?? 颂词:发言:: (种属) eulogize <> pan 称赞 <> 批评 eulogy <> stricture 颂词 <> 责难 Synonyms PRAISE 2, bless, celebrate, cry up, extol, glorify, hymn, laud, magnify, panegyrize stricture n. 狭窄,苛评,束缚 a : an abnormal narrowing of a bodily passage; also : the narrowed part b : a constriction of the breath passage in the production of a speech sound eulogy <> stricture 颂词 <> 责难 Synonyms: RESTRICTION, circumscription, cramp, limitation, stint extinguish vt.熄灭,扑灭;消灭 to cause to cease burning : QUENCH extinguish <> kindle 熄灭 <> 点燃 ignite <> extinguish 点燃 <> 熄灭 extinguish <> rekindle 熄灭 <> 重新点燃 Synonyms ANNIHILATE 2, abate, abolish, blot out, eradicate, exterminate, extirpate, root out, uproot, wipe (out) facilitate vt. 帮助,使容易,促进 to make easier : help bring about facile::profound ::?? 易做到的 : 深刻的 ::?? facilitate <> impeding 帮助 <> 阻挠 obstruct <> facilitate 阻碍 <> 帮助 hamper<> facilitate 妨碍 <> 帮助 arduous <>facile 费劲的 <> 易做到的 facile<>profound 易做到的 <>造诣深的 fasten vt. 拴紧,使固定,强加于,集中于 to attach especially by pinning, tying, or nailing lathe: shape :: clasp: fasten 车床:成形::扣子:拴紧 (工具及其作用) fastness<> unsecured palace 要塞 <> 没有防卫的地方 fateful <> inconsequence fatuous adj.愚昧的, 昏庸的, 发呆的, 愚笨的, 自满的 complacently or inanely foolish : SILLY fatuous <> astute 愚笨的 <> 机敏的 Synonym: simple, asinine, brainless, foolish, sheepheaded, silly, unwitty, weak-headed, weak-minded, witless. flock n. 群,一群人,大量 v.聚结 a group of birds or mammals assembled or herded together to gather or move in a flock clique : intimates :: flock : sheep 私党:熟友::一群羊:绵羊 (后者组成前者) flock <> segregate 聚集 <> 隔离 Synonyms:multitude, army, cloud, crowd, host, legion, rout, scores flourish vi.繁荣,茂盛,兴旺 to grow luxuriantly : THRIVE flourish<>waste away 繁荣<>变得衰弱 flourish<>wither 茂盛 <> 凋谢 CF:flourisher(noun) flourishingly(adv) Synonyms:succeed, arrive, go, make out, prosper, score, thrive forgetful<>concerned frivolous adj. 轻佻的,妄动的,琐碎的 intensely cold frivolous : gravity :: brash : discretion 轻佻的:严肃::仓促的:慎重 (反面特征) grandeur <> frivolous 庄严 <> 轻佻的 frivolous<>somber 轻佻的 <> 忧郁的 temperance <> frivolous 节制 <> 轻佻的【词性不符】 Synonyms:giddy, bird-witted, dizzy, empty-headed, featherbrained, flighty, harebrained, rattlebrained frothy adj.起泡的, 多泡的, 空洞的 gaily frivolous or light in content or treatment : INSUBSTANTIAL frothy <> weighty 空洞的 <> 沉重的 furor n.激怒, 狂热, (诗情的)激情 a : furious or hectic activity b : an outburst of public excitement or indignation : UPROAR furor<>serenity 激情 <> 平静 Synonyms DELIRIUM, frenzy fusty adj.旧式的, 霉臭的, 陈腐的, 古板的 saturated with dust and stale odors : MUSTY fusty<> fresh 霉臭的<>新鲜的 galvanize v. 电镀,通电,激励 to stimulate or excite as if by an electric shock galvanize : stimulate :: irrigate : flush 刺激:刺激::冲洗伤口:冲洗 (同义关系) galvanize<>lull 激励<>使平静 galvanize<> allay 激励<> 减轻 CF:galvanization(noun) galvanizer(noun) Synonyms:provoke, excite, innervate, innerve, motivate, move, pique, prime, quicken, stimulate glaze n. 釉,,上光,光滑面 v.装玻璃, 上釉, 使表面光滑 to give a smooth glossy surface to glaze : porcelain :: varnish : wood 釉:瓷器::光泽面:木头(表面物质) glaze: porcelain:: veneer: furniture 釉:瓷器::饰面 :家具 (表面妆饰物质) glaze<> rumple 使表面光滑<>弄皱 glib adj. 流利圆滑的,善辩的 marked by ease and fluency in speaking or writing often to the point of being insincere or deceitful fluent : glib :: humorous : wry 流利的:善辩::幽默的:扭曲(正面特征) fluent: glib :: meticulous: nitpick/finicky 流利的:善辩::一丝不苟的:挑剔(消除关系) glib <> labored 流利圆滑的<>不自然的 glib <> taciturn 流利圆滑的<>沉默寡言的 Synonyms silver-tongued, vocative, voluble, well-hung gratify vt. 使满足 to be a source of or give pleasure or satisfaction to gratify:desire::slake:thirsty 使满足:欲望::消渴:渴(消除关系) aggrieve <>gratify 侵害<>使满足 irk <>gratify 使苦恼<>使满足 gratify<>displease 使满足 <> 使不快 Synonyms PLEASE 2, arride, delectate, delight, gladden, happify, pleasure half-baked adj.半生不熟的, 未完成的, 不完整的 a : lacking adequate planning or forethought b : lacking in judgment, intelligence, or common sense half-baked <>well thought of 不完整的 <> 详细计划的 enthusiasm n. 狂热,热心 a : strong excitement of feeling : ARDOR b : something inspiring zeal or fervor ennui : enthusiastic :: fervor : apathetic 倦怠 : 热心的 ::热情 : 冷漠的(名词和形容词的反面关系) ennui : enthusiastic :: somnolence : alert 倦怠 :热心的 :困倦的状态 : 警惕的 (名词和形容词的反面关系) enthusiasm : mania :: suspicion : paranoia 热心 :狂热 ::怀疑 :偏执狂(名词的程度比较) reverence : respect :: avidity : enthusiasm 崇敬 :尊敬 ::热望 :热心(名词的程度比较) madness: enthusiasm::?? 疯狂 :狂热::?? ennui <> energy / enthusiasm 倦怠<>活力/热心 halfhearted <> enthusiastic 不热心的 <>狂热的 Synonyms : PASSION , ardor, fervor, fire, hurrah, zeal hallow vt.使...神圣, 视为神圣 to make holy or set apart for holy use hallowed<>desecrate 视为神圣 <> 亵渎 Synonyms BLESS 1, consecrate, sanctify desecrate vt. 供俗用,亵渎,污辱 to violate the sanctity of : PROFANE desecrate <> sanctify/ revere 污辱 <>尊敬/尊敬 hallowed<>desecrate 视为神圣 <> 亵渎 Synonyms : RAVAGE, depredate, desolate, despoil, devastate, devour, pillage, sack, spoliate, waste ham-handed adj.笨手笨脚的 lacking dexterity or grace : HEAVY-HANDED ham-handed <> deft / adroit 笨手笨脚的 <> 敏捷熟练的/灵巧的 Synonyms AWKWARD 2, bumbling, clumsy, gauche, halting, heavy-handed, inept, maladroit, unhandy, wooden hard-bitten adj. 顽强的, 坚韧不拔的, 不屈服的 seasoned or steeled by difficult experience : TOUGH hard-bitten <> tender 不屈服的 <> 软弱的 hardiness <> frailty harness vt.上马具, 披上甲胄, 利用(河流、瀑布等)产生动力 UTILIZE harness<>failed to utilize 利用 <> 利用失败 harry v. 掠夺,骚扰 to make a pillaging or destructive raid on : ASSAULT harry <> comfort 骚扰<>安慰 harried<> untroubled 受骚扰的 <> 没烦恼的 Synonyms RAVAGE, depredate, desecrate, desolate, despoil, devastate, havoc, pillage, sack, spoliate haunt vt. 常到,常去,(思想)萦扰,(鬼魅等)常出没于 n. 常到的地方 to visit often : FREQUENT haunt:familiar::harass:irritating 常到:熟悉的::使烦恼:使愤怒的(同义关系) persecute : injure:: haunt : remember 迫害:损害::萦绕于:记得(同义关系) haunt<>shun 常到 <> 避开 Synonyms FREQUENT, affect, hang around, hang out, resort hauteur n.傲慢,高傲,自大 ARROGANCE, HAUGHTINESS fawn : hauteur :: self depreciate : swagger 奉承:傲慢::自我贬低:虚张声势(反面特征) hauteur <> humility 傲慢<>谦虚 hauteur<>humbleness 傲慢<>谦逊 Synonyms PRIDE 3, arrogance, disdain, disdainfulness, haughtiness, loftiness, morgue, superbity, superciliousness hazard<>no risking headlong adj.莽撞的;轻率的 Impetuous; rash. headlong<>deliberate 轻率的 <> 深思熟虑的 Synonyms PRECIPITATE 1, abrupt, hasty, hurried, impetuous, precipitant, precipitous, rushing, subitaneous, sudden hearken vi.倾听 to give respectful attention hearken<>ignore 倾听 <> 不理睬 Synonyms LISTEN, attend, hark, hear, heed heartrending adj.令人心碎的, 伤心的, 悲惨的 causing intense sorrow or distress heartrending <> ?? Synonyms DEPLORABLE, afflictive, calamitous, dire, distressing, grievous, heartbreaking, lamentable, regrettable, unfortunate penitent adj.悔过的 feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or sorrow for sins or offenses : REPENTANT penitent:contrition::?? 悔过的 :悔悟 ::?? impenitent < > contrite 不悔悟的 <> 后悔的 Synonyms REMORSEFUL, apologetic, attritional, compunctious, contrite, penitential, regretfu |